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MED-121 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

epidermis

A

outermost layer of skin, the one that is visible
made up of squamous cells (scaly appearance)

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2
Q

dermis

A

layer of skin under epidermis, home to hair follicles, nerves, and glands

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3
Q

hair follicles

A

roots of your hair, anchor the hair to the skin and provide nourishment to it

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4
Q

glands

A

groups of cells that release fluid
skin has 2 types of glands:
1. sweat glands (hidro) release sweat to ride the body of waste and to cool the body
2. sebaceous glands (sebaceo) secrete oil as a natural moisturizer for the skin and hair

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5
Q

keratin

A

hard, specialized tissue that makes up our nails, nails protect your fingers and toes and provide a good base for movement

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6
Q

adip/o, lip/o, steat/o

A

Root
Definition: fat
Ex: adipocyte, lipoma, steatosis

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7
Q

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

A

Root
Definition: skin
Ex: dermatology, subcutaneous, epidermal

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8
Q

pil/o, trich/o

A

Root
Definition: hair
Ex: piloid, atrichosis

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9
Q

hidr/o

A

Root
Definition: sweat
Ex: hyperhidrosis

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10
Q

squam/o

A

Root
Definition: scale
Ex: squamous layer

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11
Q

onych/o, ungu/o

A

Root
Definition: nail
Ex: onychalgia, subungual

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12
Q

seb/o, sebace/o

A

Root
Definition: oil
Ex: sebolith, pilosebaceous

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13
Q

crypt/o

A

Root
Definition: hidden
Ex: onychocryptosis (ingrown nail)

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14
Q

kerat/o

A

Root
Definition: hard, horny
Ex: keratosis, keratoderma

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15
Q

xer/o

A

Root
Definition: dry
Ex: xeroderma

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16
Q

xanthr/o

A

Root
Definition: yellow
Ex: xanthroderma

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17
Q

erythr/o

A

Root
Definition: red
Ex: erythroderma

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18
Q

leuk/o, alb/o

A

Root
Definition: white
Ex: leukoderma, albinism

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19
Q

melan/o

A

Root
Definition: black
Ex: melanoma

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20
Q

cerumen

A

ear wax

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21
Q

macule, macula
MAK-yool / MAK-yoo-lah

A

a small flat, discolored area (freckle, spot, stain)

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22
Q

patch

A

a larger, flat, discolored area (larger macules)

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23
Q

papule
PAP-yool

A

a small solid mass
small bumps under 1cm

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24
Q

plaque
PLAK

A

a solid mass on the surface of the skin (large and flat like a plateau)

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25
Q

nodule
NOJ-yool

A

a solid mass that extends deeper into the skin
small bump over 1cm (bigger than papule)

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26
Q

tumor
TOO-mur

A

a larger solid mass

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27
Q

vesicle
VES-i-kul

A

small bump (less than 1cm) filled with clear fluid
a smaller blister

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28
Q

bulla
BUL-ah

A

larger vesicle (large bump filled with clear fluid), such as a blister

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29
Q

pustule
PUS-tyool

A

a pus-filled blister
small bumps filled with pus

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30
Q

asbscess
AB-ses

A

a localized collection of pus in the body (larger pustule, larger bump filled with pus)

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31
Q

erosion
ee-ROH-zhun

A

loss of skin

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32
Q

ulcer
UL-sir

A

a sore

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33
Q

excoriation
eks-koh-ree-A-shun

A

a scratch

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34
Q

fissure
FISH-ur

A

a crack in skin

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35
Q

scale
SKAYL

A

skin flaking off

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36
Q

crust
KRUST

A

a dried substance (i.e., blood, pus) on the skin

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37
Q

vascular lesion
VAS-kyoo-lar LEE-zhun

A

wounds related to blood vessels

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38
Q

cherry angioma
CHEH-ree AN-jee-OH-mah

A

a small blood vessel tumor
(too many blood vessels in one area can cause a mass)

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39
Q

telangiectasia
TEL-AN-jee-ek-TAY-zhuh

A

the over-expansion of the end of blood vessel; sometimes called a spider angioma because of how it looks on the skin

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40
Q

petechia
puh-TEE-kee-yah

A

a small bruise

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41
Q

ecchymosis
ek-ih-MOH-sis

A

a larger bruise

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42
Q

cicatrix (plural: cicatrices)
SIK-ah-triks

A

scar

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43
Q

keloid
KEE-loid

A

overgrowth of scar tissue

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44
Q

epidermal tumors
EP-ih-DER-mal TOO-murs

A

tumors on the skin

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45
Q

nevus
NEE-vus

A

mole

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46
Q

dysplastic nevus
dis-PLAS-tic NEE-nus

A

a mole with bad changes/formation (often precancerous)

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47
Q

verruca
ver-ROO-kah

A

wart

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48
Q

culture and sensitivity (C&S)

A

growing microorganisms in isolation in order to dtermine which drugs they might respond to

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49
Q

biopsy (Bx)

A

removal of tissue in order to examine it (with your own 2 eyes)

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50
Q

excisional biopsy

A

removal of an entire lesion for examination (to cut ut out)

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51
Q

incisional biopsy

A

removal of a portion lesion for examination (to cut ut out)

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52
Q

dermatoscopy
DER-mah-TAWS-koh-pee

A

procedure for looking at the skin

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53
Q

adipocele
AD-ih-poh-SEEL

A

a hernia filled with fatty tissue
adipo (fat)
cele (hernia)

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54
Q

dermarofibroma
DER-mah-toh-fai-BROH-mah

A

a fibrous skin tumor
dermato (skin)
fibr (fiber)
oma (tumor)

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55
Q

abrasion
uh-BRAY-zhun

A

scraping away of skin
ab (away)
rasion (scrape)

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56
Q

albinism
AL-bih-nizm

A

lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white
albin (white)
ism (condiiton)

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57
Q

albino
al-BAI-noh

A

a person afflicted with albinism

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58
Q

alopecia
AL-oh-PEE-shah

A

baldness

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59
Q

anhidrosis
AN-hai-DROH-sis

A

lack of sweating
an (no)
hidr (sweat)
osis (condition)

60
Q

comedo
KOM-eh-doh

A

a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black head, white head)

61
Q

cyanhidrosis
sai-an-hai-DROH-sis

A

blue seat
cyan (blue)
hidr (sweat)
osis (condition)

62
Q

depigmentation
DE-pig-men-TAY-shun

A

loss of pigmentation
de (away)
pigment (pigment)
ation (condition)

63
Q

dermatalgia
DER-mah-TAL-jah

A

skin pain
dermato (skin)
algia (pain)

64
Q

dermatodynia
derm-MAH-toh-DIH-nee-ah

A

dermato (skin)
dynia (pain)

65
Q

dermatolysis
DER-mah-TAWL-ih-sis

A

loose skin
dermato (skin)
lysis (loose)

66
Q

erythema
ER-ih-THEE-mah

A

redness

67
Q

erythroderma
eh-RITH-roh-DER-mah

A

red skin
erythro (red)
derma (skin)

68
Q

hemathidrosis
hee-mat-hai-DROH-sis

A

sweating blood
hemat (blood)
hidr (sweat)
osis (condition)

69
Q

hidropoiesis
HAI-droh-poi-EE-sis

A

the formation of sweat
hidro (sweat)
poiesis (formation)

70
Q

hyperhidrosis
HAI-per-hai-DROH-sis

A

excessive sweating
hyper (over)
hidr (sweat)
osis (condition)

71
Q

hyperkerotosis
HAI-per-KER-ah-TOH-sis

A

excessive growth of horny skin
hyper (over)
kerat (horny)
osis (condition)

72
Q

hypermelanosis
HAI-per-mel-an-NOH-sis

A

excessive melanin in the skin
hyper (over)
melan (black)
osis (condition)

73
Q

hyperpigmentation
HAI-per-PIG-men-TAY-shun

A

excessive pigment in the skin
hyper (over)
pigment (pigment)
ation (condition)

74
Q

hypohidrosis
HAI-poh-hai-DROH-sis

A

diminished sweating
hypo (under)
hidr (sweat)
osis (condition)

75
Q

hypomelanosis
HAI-poh-mel-ah-NOH-sis

A

diminished melanin in the skin
hypo (under)
melan (black)
osis (condition

76
Q

hypopigmentation
HAI-poh-PIG-men-TAY-shun

A

diminished pigment in the skin
hypo (under)
pigment (pigment)
ation (condition)

77
Q

leukoderm
LOO-koh-DER-mah

A

white skin
leuko (white)
derma (skin)

78
Q

macerate
MAS-ih-rayt

A

to soften the skin (wet rash)

79
Q

onychophagia
awn-ih-koh-FAY-jah

A

eating or biting the nails
onycho (nail)
phagia (eat)

80
Q

pruritus
proo-RAI-tus

A

an itch/itchy

81
Q

rhytidermia
rih-tih-DER-mee-ah

A

wrinkled skin
rhytid (wrinkle)
dermia (skin)

82
Q

sebopoiesis
see-boh-poi-EE-sis

A

formation of oil (sebum)
sebo (oil)
poiesis (formation)

83
Q

seborrhea
seb-or-EE-ah

A

oily secretion/discharge of oil (sebum)
sebo (oil)
rrhea (discharge)

84
Q

trichomegaly
TRIK-oh-MEG-ah-lee

A

abnormally thick hair
tricho (hair)
megaly (enlargement)

85
Q

urticaria
URT-ih-KAR-ee-ah

A

swollen raised itchy areas of the skin (hives)

86
Q

xanthoderma
ZAN-thoh-DER-mah

A

yellow skin
xantho (yellow)
derma (skin)

87
Q

xeroderma
ZER-oh-DER-mah

A

dry skin
xero (dry)
derma (skin)

88
Q

xerosis
ze-ROH-sis

A

condition of dryness
xer (dry)
osis (condition)

89
Q

centrifugal

A

rash that starts from the middle and works their way outward

90
Q

centripetal

A

rash that spreads from the outside inward

91
Q

causes of burns

A

heat
radiation
chemicals
electricity
friction

92
Q

burn

A

injury to skin cells caused by exposure to harmful agents

93
Q

when skin is burned, 3 functions are impaired

A
  1. the ability to regulate heat
  2. the ability to regulate hydration
  3. the ability to fight infection
94
Q

first-degree burn

A

affects the superficial layer of skin (epidermis)
Ex: sunburn

95
Q

second-degree burn

A

involves the dermis

96
Q

third-degree burn

A

injures the subcutaneous layer of skin

97
Q

fourth-degree burn

A

involves the underlying tissue like bone, muscle, or fascia

98
Q

erythrocyanosis
eh-rith-roh-SAI-ah-NOH-sis

A

a red and/or blue discoloration of the skin
erytho (red)
cyan (blue)
osis (condition)

99
Q

keratogenic
ker-at-oh-JEN-ik

A

causing horny tissue development
kerato (horny)
gen (creation)
ic (pertaining to)

100
Q

keratosis
KER-ah-TOH-sis

A

horny tissue condition
kerat (horny)
osis (condition)

101
Q

necrosis
neh-KROH-sis

A

tissue death
necr (death)
osis (condition)

102
Q

onychia
oh-NIK-ee-ah

A

a nail condition
onych (nail)
ia (condition)

103
Q

onychocryptosis
AWN-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis

A

an ingrown nail
onycho (nail)
crypt (hidden)
osis (condition)

104
Q

onycholysis
AWN-ih-KAWL-ih-sis

A

the loss of a nail
onych (nail)
lysis (loose)

105
Q

onychomalacia
AWN-ih-koh-mah-LAY-shah

A

abnormal softening of a nail
onycho (nail)
malacia (abnormal softening)

106
Q

onychopathy
awn-ih-KOP-ath-ee

A

nail disease
onycho (nail)
pathy (disease)

107
Q

pachyderm
pak-ih-DER-mah

A

tough skin
pachy (thick)
derma (skin)

108
Q

paronychia
par-aw-NIK-ee-ah

A

a condition of the tissue around the nail
par (around)
onych (nail)
ia (condition)

109
Q

steatoma
STEE-ah-TOH-ma

A

a fatty tumor
steat (fat)
oma (tumor)

110
Q

xanthoma
zan-THOH-mah

A

a yellow tumor
xanth (yellow)
oma (tumor)

111
Q

ABCDE

A

asymmetry, border, color, diameter

112
Q

AK

A

actinic keratosis

113
Q

Bx

A

biopsy

114
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

115
Q

derm

A

dermatology

116
Q

ID

A

interadermal

117
Q

SC

A

subcutaneous

118
Q

SQ

A

subcutaneous

119
Q

anesthetic
AN-es-THET-ik

A

a drug that temporarily blocks sensation
an (no)
esthetic (sensation)

120
Q

antibiotic
ANT-ai-bai-OH-tik

A

a drug that destroys or opposes growth of microorganisms
anti (against)
biotic (life)

121
Q

antihistamine
ANT-ih-HIS-tah-MEEN

A

a drug that opposes the effects of histamine
anti (against)
histamine (histamine)

122
Q

antipruritic
ANT-ih-proo-RIT-ik

A

a drug that prevents or relieves itching
anti (against)
pruritic (itching)

123
Q

antiseptic
ANT-ih-SEP-ik

A

a drug that prevents sepsis (rotting of flesh) by killing microorganisms
anti (against)
septic (rotting)

124
Q

epidermal
EP-ih-DER-mal

A

pertaining to the skin
epi (upon)
derm (skin)
al (pertaining to)

125
Q

hypodermic
HAI-poh-DER-mik

A

pertaining to beneath the skin
hypo (beneath)
derm (skin)
ic (pertaining to)

126
Q

intradermal
in-tra-DER-mal

A

pertaining to inside the skin
intra (inside)
derm (skin)
al (pertaining to)

127
Q

percutaneous
PER-kyoo-TAH-nee-us

A

pertaining to through the skin
per (through)
cutane (skin)
ous (pertaining to)

128
Q

subcutaneous
SUB-kyoo-TAH-nee-us

A

pertaining to beneath the skin
sub (beneath)
cutane (skin)
ous (pertaining to)

129
Q

topical
TAWP-ih-kal

A

applied directly to the skin
topic (place)
al (pertaining to)

130
Q

transdermal
TRANz-DERM-al

A

pertaining to through the skin
trans (through)
derm (skin)
al (pertaining to)

131
Q

chemosurgery
KEEM-oh-SIR-jer-ee

A

removal of tissue that has been destroyed using chemicals
chemo (chemical)
surgery (surgery)

132
Q

chemotherapy
KEE-moh-THER-ah-pee

A

treatment using chemicals
chemo (chemicals)
therapy (treatment)

133
Q

cryosurgery
KRAI-oh-SIR-juh-ree

A

destruction of tissue through freezing
cryo (cold)
surgery (surgery)

134
Q

dermabrasion
DERM-ah-BRAY-zhun

A

rubbing or scraping away the outer surface of skin
derm (skin)
ab (away)
rasion (rub)

135
Q

electrocauterization
e-LEK-troh-KAW-ter-ai-ZAY-shun

A

using electricity to destroy tissue by burning it
electro (electricity(
cauteriz (burn)
ation (process)

136
Q

electrodesiccation
e-LEK-troh-DES-ih-KAY-shun

A

using electricity to destroy tissue by drying it
electro (electricity)
desicc (drying)
ation (process)

137
Q

incision and drainage (I&D)
in-SIZH-un and DRAYN-ij

A

to cut into a wound to allow trapped infected liquid to drain
in (in)
cision (cut)

138
Q

lipectomy
lih-PEK-toh-mee

A

removal of fatty tissue
lip (fat)
ectomy (removal)

139
Q

liposuction
LAI-poh-SUK-shun

A

removal of fatty tissue using a vacuum
lipo (fat)
suction (vacuum)

140
Q

onychectomy
AWN-ih-KEK-toh-mee

A

remove of a nail
onych (nail)
ectomy (removal)

141
Q

onychotomy
AWN-ih-KOT-oh-mee

A

incision into a nail
onych (nail)
tomy (incision)

142
Q

rhytidoplasty
RIT-ih-doh-PLAS-tee

A

reconstruction of wrinkled skin
rhytido (wrinkle)
plasty (reconstruction)

143
Q

autograft
AWT-oh-GRAFT

A

skin transplant taken from a different place on the patient’s body
auto (self)
graft (transplant)

144
Q

homograft (allograft)
HOH-moh-GRAFT (AL-oh-GRAFT)

A

skin transplant taken from another member of the patient’s species (homo/allo, another person)
homo (similar)
graft (transplant)
allo (other)

145
Q

heterograft
HET-eh-roh-GRAFT

A

skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient’s
hetero (different)
graft (transplant)

146
Q

xenograft
ZEEN-oh-GRAFT

A

skin transplant taken from a species other than the patients
zeno (foreign)
graft (transplant)

MED-121 (7 decks)

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