chAptEr 3 Flashcards
What is a requirement?
A statement of what the system must do.
List the types of requirements.
Business requirements
Use requirements
Functional requirements
Nonfunctional requirements
System requirements
What are business needs?
What the business needs
What are user requirements?
What the user needs to do.
What are user requirements?
What the software should do
What are nonfunctional requirements?
Characteristics the system should have.
What are system requirements?
How the system should be built
List some examples of business requirement.
Produce performance reports
Provide accurate project status report
List some examples of user requirements.
Scheduling client appointments
Placing new customer orders
List some examples of functional requirements.
Process-oriented.
Information-oriented.
List the behavioral properties of nonfunctional requirements. COPS
Operational
Performance
Security
Cultural & Political
What is the operational behavioral property?
Physical and technical operating environment.
What is the performance behavioral property?
Speed, capacity, and reliability of the system.
What is the security behavioral property?
Access restrictions, needed safeguards
What are the cultural and political behavioral properties?
Cultural and political issues that will affect the final system.
What is the purpose of the requirements definition statement?
To define the project scope.
List the requirements elicitation techniques.
Interviews
Questionnaires
Observation
Joint application development (JAD)
Document analysis
How is the interview technique conducted?
The systems analysts collects information from
individuals face to face
List the types of interview structures.
Top-down approach - broad to specific.
Bottom-up approach - specific to broad.
List the types of interview question types.
Open-ended
Closed-ended
Probing
List the strengths of the interview technique.
Questions can be personalized for each individual.
Interviewee can be asked for more feedback.
Interviewee’s nonverbal communication can be observed.
List the weaknesses of interview technique.
Time costly.
Impractical due to location of interviewees.
Study the JAD and eJAD.
Ayt, bet.
What are questionnaires?
Special documents that allow analysts to collect information and opinions and respondents.
List the type of questions asked in questionnaires.
Fixed-format questions.
Free-format questions.
List the properties of fixed-format questions.
Multiple-choice questions
Easy to tabulate
List the properties of free-format questions.
Open-ended essay questions
Hard to tabulate
List the strengths of questionnaires.
Can be answered quickly.
Inexpensive.
Can be tabulated and analyzed.
List the weaknesses of questionnaires.
Low responses.
Inflexible.
Body language cannot be observed.
List the steps to develop a good questionnaire.
Define Goals
Question Types
Write Clearly
Test It Out
Random Sampling
What is the observation technique.
To watch a person perform activities to learn about the system.
List the strengths of the observation technique.
Reliable data.
Inexpensive.
Can do work measurements.
List the weaknesses of the observation technique.
Work varies in difficulty and volume.
Tasks subject to interruptions
List the steps on how to perform observation well.
Plan
Get Permission
Observe Workload
Gather Materials
Sample Wisely
Review Notes
Explain the document analysis technique?
Collect facts from existing documentation.
Analyze facts to determine currency.
Analyze to understand the documentation.
Use appropriate sampling technique.
List the factors used to compare techniques.
Depth
Breadth
Integration
User Involvement
Cost
List the methods used to identify small improvements.
Problem Analysis.
Root cause Analysis.
Study the problem & root cause analysis
ayt, bet.
What is the goal of identifying moderate improvements?
To improve efficiency and effectiveness.
List the types of activities in identifying moderate improvements. DAI
Duration Analysis
Activity-based costing
Informal Benchmarking
What is the goal of identifying MAJOR improvements?
Radical redesign of business processes
List the types of activities in identifying MAJOR improvements. OTA
Outcome analysis
Technology analysis
Activity Elimination
What is the outcome analysis?
Analyze how information systems and technology can help customers achieve their desired goals.
What is the technology analysis?
Identify promising technologies through analyst and manager input, then discuss their potential business applications.
What is activity elimination?
Brainstorm by considering the impact of eliminating each activity to challenge assumptions and identify potential improvements.
