Chapter 3

Question 1

it contains enzymes that allow sperm to break down membranes around egg and fertilize egg

Answer 1

acrosomal cap

Question 2

thin membrane closely attached to plasma membrane

Answer 2

vitelline membrane

Question 3

what happenes to other cells that are not viable

Answer 3

become abortive as polar bodies

Question 4

formation of sperm

Answer 4

spermatogenesis

Question 5

binds to testosterone-secreting cells, causing them to increase output

Answer 5

luteinizing hormone

Question 6

male component

Answer 6

spermatozoa

Question 7

the hypothalamus secretes ___ which stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete LH and FSH

Answer 7

gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 8

give parts of the sperm

Answer 8

head, midpiece, and tail

Question 9

spermatogenesis begins with

Answer 9

spermatogonium

Question 10

how many cells are produced in oogenesis and how many are viable

Answer 10

1 out of 4 cells produced is viable

Question 11

ovum and spermatozoa arise through

Answer 11

meiosis

Question 12

hormones control sperm production in
a. negative feedback
b. positive feedback

Answer 12

a. negative feedback

Question 13

where does spermatogenesis occur

Answer 13

in germinal epithellium lining seminiferous tubules of testis

Question 14

where haploid cell (n) is formed from a diploid cell (2n) through meiosis and cell differentiation

Answer 14

gametogenesis

Question 15

formation of egg

Answer 15

oogenesis

Question 16

true or false: all 5 sperm cells produced are viable

Answer 16

false; only 4 are produced and all are viable

Question 17

true or false: oogenesis occurs in ovary outside a follicle of epithelial cells

Answer 17

false; it occurs within a follicle of epithelial cells

Question 18

layer of follicle cells that become sloughed off after fertilization

Answer 18

corona radiata

Question 19

female component

Answer 19

ovum

Question 20

the midpiece contains what part and what does it do

Answer 20

contains mitochondria that provide ATP to fuel swimming

Question 21

support developing sperm and help regulate sperm production

Answer 21

sertoli cells

Question 22

process of forming gametes

Answer 22

gametogenesis

Question 23

true or false: the head of sperm contains nucleus

Answer 23

true

Question 24

glycoprotein layer

Answer 24

zona pellucida

Question 25

serves as tail and provides motility to sperm

Answer 25

flagellum

Question 26

immature sperm

Answer 26

spermatids

Question 27

oogenesis begins with

Answer 27

oogonium

Question 28

bind to sertoli cells and encourage sperm-sustaining activity

Answer 28

testosterone and FSH

Question 29

are derived from extraembryonic endoderm

Answer 29

primordial germ cells

Question 30

true or false: female germ cells divide after birth

Answer 30

false; female germ cells do not divide after birth

Question 31

how many primary oocytes do newborn girls have in her ovaries

Answer 31

2 million