Chapter 3 Flashcards
it contains enzymes that allow sperm to break down membranes around egg and fertilize egg
acrosomal cap
thin membrane closely attached to plasma membrane
vitelline membrane
what happenes to other cells that are not viable
become abortive as polar bodies
formation of sperm
spermatogenesis
binds to testosterone-secreting cells, causing them to increase output
luteinizing hormone
male component
spermatozoa
the hypothalamus secretes ___ which stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete LH and FSH
gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
give parts of the sperm
head, midpiece, and tail
spermatogenesis begins with
spermatogonium
how many cells are produced in oogenesis and how many are viable
1 out of 4 cells produced is viable
ovum and spermatozoa arise through
meiosis
hormones control sperm production in
a. negative feedback
b. positive feedback
a. negative feedback
where does spermatogenesis occur
in germinal epithellium lining seminiferous tubules of testis
where haploid cell (n) is formed from a diploid cell (2n) through meiosis and cell differentiation
gametogenesis
formation of egg
oogenesis
true or false: all 5 sperm cells produced are viable
false; only 4 are produced and all are viable
true or false: oogenesis occurs in ovary outside a follicle of epithelial cells
false; it occurs within a follicle of epithelial cells
layer of follicle cells that become sloughed off after fertilization
corona radiata
female component
ovum
the midpiece contains what part and what does it do
contains mitochondria that provide ATP to fuel swimming
support developing sperm and help regulate sperm production
sertoli cells
process of forming gametes
gametogenesis
true or false: the head of sperm contains nucleus
true
glycoprotein layer
zona pellucida
serves as tail and provides motility to sperm
flagellum
immature sperm
spermatids
oogenesis begins with
oogonium
bind to sertoli cells and encourage sperm-sustaining activity
testosterone and FSH
are derived from extraembryonic endoderm
primordial germ cells
true or false: female germ cells divide after birth
false; female germ cells do not divide after birth
how many primary oocytes do newborn girls have in her ovaries
2 million
