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DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

occurrence of terminalization or separation of chromosome legs

A

diplotene

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2
Q

layers of germ cells all develop in a coordinated, repeating programme known as

A

seminiferous epithelial cycle (SEC)

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3
Q

give spermatocyte phases

A

primary and seconday spermatocyte

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4
Q

phase where DNA is replicated and chromosomes are duplicated

A

s phase

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5
Q

true or false: maturation of oocyte begins after birth

A

false; it begins before birth

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6
Q

give rise to spermatid

A

secondary spermatocyte

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7
Q

DNA replication occurs during this phase
a. interphase
b. prophase
c. telophase
d. anaphase

A

a. interphase

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8
Q

chromatin condenses into chromosomes
a. telophase
b. interphase
c. anaphase
d. prophase

A

d. prophase

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9
Q

occurence of synapsis and formation of chiasmata

A

leptotene

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10
Q

thickened stumps of chromosomes

A

pachus

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11
Q

separation of bivalents to form 2 univalents

A

anaphase i

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12
Q

with thin thread-like chromatin

A

leptotene

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13
Q

longest phase in meiosis

A

prophase i

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14
Q

period of the cell cyle where the cell spends most of its time

A

interphase

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15
Q

characterized by a missing or partial X chromosome

A

turner syndrome (XO)

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16
Q

prodyced by type b spermatogonia and give rise to secondary spermatocyte

A

primary spermatocyte

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17
Q

DNA is found as thin threads of chromatin
a. prophase
b. interphase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase

A

b. interphase

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18
Q

proacrosomal granules-acrosomal vesicle

A

golgi phase

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19
Q

give the three spermatogonial phase

A

type a, intermediate, and type b

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20
Q

chromosomes align in the center
a. interphase
b. anaphase
c. metaphase
d. telophase

A

c. metaphase

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21
Q

spindle fibers attach to kinetochores in the centromere of each chromosome
a. metaphase
b. prophase
c. telophase
d. anaphase

A

a. metaphase

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22
Q

occurrence of synapsis and formation of chiasmata

A

zygotene

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23
Q

characterized by having male sex organs, feminine characteristics, breast development, and lack of facial hair

A

klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY)

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24
Q

nuclear envelope forms from the endoplasmic reticulum
a. metaphase
b. interphase
c. telophase
d. anaphase

A

c. telophase

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25
Q

provide the three phases that make up the interphase

A

g1, s phase, g2

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26
Q

committed to differentiation; pale in color

A

intermediate spermatogonia

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27
Q

formation of 2 haploid daughter cells

A

telophase i

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28
Q

the chromosomes move toward the centrioles at each end of the cell
a. prophase
b. interphase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase

A

d. anaphase

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29
Q

mitosis is ___ ___ plus ____

A

nuclear division, cytokinesis

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30
Q

down syndrome is caused by extra copy of

A

chromosome 21

31
Q

manchette (flagellum developmetn); condensed nucleus

A

acrosome phase

32
Q

cell composing the bulk of the body

A

somatic cells

33
Q

occurrence of terminalization (separation of the chromosome legs; chiasmata proceeds to the terminal ends)

A

diplotene

34
Q

mitosis produces ___ ___ cells
a. two diploid
b. two haploid
c. one haploid
d. one diploid

A

a. two diploid

35
Q

alignment of bivalents at the equatorial plane

A

metaphase i

36
Q

spindle fibers and microtubules project
a. metaphase
b. telophase
c. prophase
d. interphase

A

c. prophase

37
Q

trisomy 13

A

patau syndrome

38
Q

prepares for cell division; where cell continually imbibes water or nutrients to grow

A

g1 phase

39
Q

abnormality characterized by flat, broad face, oblique palpebral fissures, epicanthus, and furrowed lower lip

A

down syndrome

40
Q

give the uses of mitosis

A

1) growth
2) cell repair
3) cell replacement

41
Q

the chromosomes unravel to become chromatin threads
a. metaphase
b. interphase
c. telophase
d. prophase

A

c. telophase

42
Q

true or false: there are two waves in human seminiferous tubule

A

false; there is no waves in human seminiferous tubule

43
Q

nuclear envelope disappear; centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell
a. prophase
b. telophase
c. metaphase
d. interphase

A

a. prophase

44
Q

univalents contract

A

prophase ii

45
Q

chromosomes at maximum contraction

A

diakinesis

46
Q

formation of female gametes

A

oogenesis

47
Q

separation of univalents into 2 sister chromatids & migration to the opposite poles

A

anaphase ii

48
Q

maturation of sperm cells

A

spermiogenesis

49
Q

differentiated from type a spermatogonia; the last event

A

type b spermatogonia

50
Q

trisomy 21

A

down syndrome

51
Q

give the spermatid phases

A

golgi, cap, acrosome, and maturation phase

52
Q

formation of the acrosomal cap

A

cap phase

53
Q

residual body is pinched off and pagocytized by sertolli cells

A

maturation phase

54
Q

what is the old name for meiosis?

A

reduction/division

55
Q

the stem cells of the seminiferous tubules; usually dark in color

A

type a spermatogonia

56
Q

the chromosome number is ___ in anaphase
a. halved
b. doubled

A

b. doubled

57
Q

alignment of univalents at equatorial plane

A

metaphase ii

58
Q

stage of interphase in which RNA and protein are synthesized

A

g2 phase

59
Q

trisomy 18

A

edward’s syndrome

60
Q

provide the 3 stages of growing follicle

A

primary (preantral), secondary (antral), and preovulatory

61
Q

axonemal complex

A

sperm tail

62
Q

formation of 4 haploid daughter cells

A

telophase ii

63
Q

edward’s syndrome is caused by extra copy of

A

chromosome 18

64
Q

give examples of somatic cells

A

nerve cell, muscle cells, kidney cell

65
Q

with pachus, thickened stumps of chromosomes

A

pachytene

66
Q

microdeletion occurs on the long arm of chromosome 15 in maternal chromosome

A

angelman syndrome

67
Q

reproductive cells

A

gametic cells

68
Q

series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide

A

cell cycle

69
Q

patau syndome is caused by

A

extra copy of chromosome 13

70
Q

origin and development of sperm cells

A

spermatogenesis

71
Q

(true or false) most of the differences between the processes between mitosis and meiosis occur during meiosis II

A

false; happens during meiosis i

72
Q

phases of mitosis

A

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

73
Q

true or false: there are 6 stages in man in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium

A

true

74
Q

microdeletion occurs on the long arm of paternal chromosome

A

prader-willi syndrome

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (10 decks)

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