Chapter 2 Flashcards
occurrence of terminalization or separation of chromosome legs
diplotene
layers of germ cells all develop in a coordinated, repeating programme known as
seminiferous epithelial cycle (SEC)
give spermatocyte phases
primary and seconday spermatocyte
phase where DNA is replicated and chromosomes are duplicated
s phase
true or false: maturation of oocyte begins after birth
false; it begins before birth
give rise to spermatid
secondary spermatocyte
DNA replication occurs during this phase
a. interphase
b. prophase
c. telophase
d. anaphase
a. interphase
chromatin condenses into chromosomes
a. telophase
b. interphase
c. anaphase
d. prophase
d. prophase
occurence of synapsis and formation of chiasmata
leptotene
thickened stumps of chromosomes
pachus
separation of bivalents to form 2 univalents
anaphase i
with thin thread-like chromatin
leptotene
longest phase in meiosis
prophase i
period of the cell cyle where the cell spends most of its time
interphase
characterized by a missing or partial X chromosome
turner syndrome (XO)
prodyced by type b spermatogonia and give rise to secondary spermatocyte
primary spermatocyte
DNA is found as thin threads of chromatin
a. prophase
b. interphase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase
b. interphase
proacrosomal granules-acrosomal vesicle
golgi phase
give the three spermatogonial phase
type a, intermediate, and type b
chromosomes align in the center
a. interphase
b. anaphase
c. metaphase
d. telophase
c. metaphase
spindle fibers attach to kinetochores in the centromere of each chromosome
a. metaphase
b. prophase
c. telophase
d. anaphase
a. metaphase
occurrence of synapsis and formation of chiasmata
zygotene
characterized by having male sex organs, feminine characteristics, breast development, and lack of facial hair
klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY)
nuclear envelope forms from the endoplasmic reticulum
a. metaphase
b. interphase
c. telophase
d. anaphase
c. telophase
provide the three phases that make up the interphase
g1, s phase, g2
committed to differentiation; pale in color
intermediate spermatogonia
formation of 2 haploid daughter cells
telophase i
the chromosomes move toward the centrioles at each end of the cell
a. prophase
b. interphase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase
d. anaphase
mitosis is ___ ___ plus ____
nuclear division, cytokinesis
down syndrome is caused by extra copy of
chromosome 21
manchette (flagellum developmetn); condensed nucleus
acrosome phase
cell composing the bulk of the body
somatic cells
occurrence of terminalization (separation of the chromosome legs; chiasmata proceeds to the terminal ends)
diplotene
mitosis produces ___ ___ cells
a. two diploid
b. two haploid
c. one haploid
d. one diploid
a. two diploid
alignment of bivalents at the equatorial plane
metaphase i
spindle fibers and microtubules project
a. metaphase
b. telophase
c. prophase
d. interphase
c. prophase
trisomy 13
patau syndrome
prepares for cell division; where cell continually imbibes water or nutrients to grow
g1 phase
abnormality characterized by flat, broad face, oblique palpebral fissures, epicanthus, and furrowed lower lip
down syndrome
give the uses of mitosis
1) growth
2) cell repair
3) cell replacement
the chromosomes unravel to become chromatin threads
a. metaphase
b. interphase
c. telophase
d. prophase
c. telophase
true or false: there are two waves in human seminiferous tubule
false; there is no waves in human seminiferous tubule
nuclear envelope disappear; centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell
a. prophase
b. telophase
c. metaphase
d. interphase
a. prophase
univalents contract
prophase ii
chromosomes at maximum contraction
diakinesis
formation of female gametes
oogenesis
separation of univalents into 2 sister chromatids & migration to the opposite poles
anaphase ii
maturation of sperm cells
spermiogenesis
differentiated from type a spermatogonia; the last event
type b spermatogonia
trisomy 21
down syndrome
give the spermatid phases
golgi, cap, acrosome, and maturation phase
formation of the acrosomal cap
cap phase
residual body is pinched off and pagocytized by sertolli cells
maturation phase
what is the old name for meiosis?
reduction/division
the stem cells of the seminiferous tubules; usually dark in color
type a spermatogonia
the chromosome number is ___ in anaphase
a. halved
b. doubled
b. doubled
alignment of univalents at equatorial plane
metaphase ii
stage of interphase in which RNA and protein are synthesized
g2 phase
trisomy 18
edward’s syndrome
provide the 3 stages of growing follicle
primary (preantral), secondary (antral), and preovulatory
axonemal complex
sperm tail
formation of 4 haploid daughter cells
telophase ii
edward’s syndrome is caused by extra copy of
chromosome 18
give examples of somatic cells
nerve cell, muscle cells, kidney cell
with pachus, thickened stumps of chromosomes
pachytene
microdeletion occurs on the long arm of chromosome 15 in maternal chromosome
angelman syndrome
reproductive cells
gametic cells
series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
cell cycle
patau syndome is caused by
extra copy of chromosome 13
origin and development of sperm cells
spermatogenesis
(true or false) most of the differences between the processes between mitosis and meiosis occur during meiosis II
false; happens during meiosis i
phases of mitosis
prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
true or false: there are 6 stages in man in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium
true
microdeletion occurs on the long arm of paternal chromosome
prader-willi syndrome
