Chapter 3 Flashcards
Coccus Shape
circle shape
Bacillus Shape
tic tac
Vibro Shape
round tic tac
Coccobacillus Shape
oval
Spirillum Shape
squiggle noodle
Spirochete Shape
twisty squiggle noodle
Mos microbial pathogens are…
Bacteria! (and then fungi) Microbes associated with death are mostly bacteria
What is Pasteurization?
- microbial control using head that is applied to foods, killing pathogens and reduces the number of spoilage-causing microbes + maintaining food quality
True or False? Pateurization = Sterilization
FALSE! Pasturization does NOT equal sterilization
Robert Hooke
- Published Micrographia, identified structures that look like monocyte cell
Endosymbiosis Theory
Mitochondria and chloroplast are each derived from the uptake of bacteria.
- bacteria established a symbiotic relationship with their host cell that eventually led to the bacteria evolving into mitochondria and chloroplasts.
I. Semmelweis
Importance of handwashing
J. Lister
procedure for proper care of surgical wounds and the sterilization of surgical equipment (listerine)
Lazzaro Spallanzani
- Broth in flask -> sealed -> boiled
-Results: No growth microorganisms
Who is Louis Pasteur? What was his experiment?
- Swan Neck Experiment disproves spontaneous generation
- Placed nutrient solution in flasks with long, curved necks. Boiled the solutions let flask exposed to air.
- W/ curve neck: no contamination
- W/O curve neck: contamination
- Develops rabies vaccine
Robert Koch
- Identified specific microbes that cause anthrax, cholera, and tuberculosis.
- established a protocol to determine cause of infections diseases (Koch’s postulates)
Carolus Linnaeus
- Developed a new system for categorizing plants and animals, Taxonomy! (science of classification, does NOT mirror the evolution)
Domain Bacteria
- single celled
- cell wall with petidoglycan
- no nucleus
- Ubiquitous
- Cynobacteria
Domain Archaea
- Unique rRNA sequence
- No peptidoglycan wall
- Unique lipid membrane
- Unusual metabolic characteristics
- Live in extreme environments
Ribosomes
A complex intracellular structure that syntehsizes proteins
Plasmid
small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is typically independent from the bacterial chromosome
Inclusions
Prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structure from storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Components of the Phospholipid Bilayer
- Glycoprotein: carbohydrate protein. Modified proteins with sugar
- Glycolipid: carbohydrate with lipid
- Transporters
- Bilayer made of Polar & Hydrophilic head, Long, Nonpolar, & hydrophobic fatty acid tails
- Semipermiable
Differences between Eukaryotic bacteria and Archaea bacteria
Archaea
- Ether Linkage
- Isoprene derived hydrocarbon
Eukaryotic
- Ester Linkage
- Fatty Acid
