Chapter 3 Flashcards
altrusism
the motivation to help other people, even if it comes at a cost
authoritarian
style of parenting in which parents value obedience, impose forceful imposition of their will on their child, and offer little warmth or affection
authoritative
parenting in which parents maintain consistent boundaries, use reasoning, and control their children within reasonable limits while also offering consistent affection and support for their child
conformity
the degree to which friends are similar to each other in their behaviour, interests, style, and goals and aspirations for the future
effortful control
ability to inhibit an action that is already underway
egocentrism
child’s inability to take another person’s perspective
empathy
sharing of another person’s emotions and feelings
executive function
involves cognitive flexbility, attention, memory, and inhibitory control
fine motor skills
involve the developmental and coordination of the small muscles of the body
gender identity
how a person feels inside; it is one’s personal conception, or feeling, as male or female (or sometimes both or neither)
gender segregation
phenomenon characterized by girls generally preferring to play with other girls and boys tending to play with other boys
goodness of fit
the compatibility between the environment and a child’s temperament
gross motor skills
involve the large muscles of the body and allow for locomotion to occur
hostile aggression
characterized by the intent to harm or injure the victim
identification
a psychological process in which children try to look, act, feel, and be like significant people in their social environment, such as peers and adults
