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philosophy > chapter 3 > Flashcards

chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Judaism, Jewish, Jew derive from the name …

A

Judah.

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2
Q

Israel

A

An ethnic group that existed as early as 13th or 12th century BCE. Israel was a name given to Jacob after he had a religious encounter and to a kingdom spanning most of the levant ruled by Saul, David, and Solomon.

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3
Q

Hebrew

A

The Hebrew bible usually uses the word to refer to the group of slaves who were led out of Egypt by moses in the exodus.

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4
Q

Levant

A

The area along the
Mediterranean between
Egypt and Mesopotamia

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5
Q

Jewish is a series of covenants between God and his people. What does covenant mean?

A

Legal agreements or contracts

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6
Q

Adam

A

God makes an agreement with Adam; Adam breaks it

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7
Q

Noah

A

Only Noah’s faithful family saved from a flood

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8
Q

Abraham

A

After Noah’s descendants forget him, God selected Abraham to be the father of God’s people

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9
Q

Another word for God

A

El Shaddai

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10
Q

Patriarchs

A

The “fathers” of Judaism

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11
Q

Isaac

A

Abraham’s son

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12
Q

Jacob

A

Abraham’s
grandson and father of
twelve sons who became
the fathers of the twelve
tribes of Israel

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13
Q

Moses

A

The greatest of all God’s prophets. Chosen by God to bring the Hebrews OUT of Egypt.

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14
Q

God is also named

A

Yahweh

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15
Q

The exodus

A

Moses leads his people out of Egypt through the Red Sea

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16
Q

*Yahweh accompanies the Hebrews in the form of a cloud, resting on the

A

Ark of the Covenant

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17
Q

Ten Commandments

A

The ten rules to live by

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18
Q

Three covenants

A

1) With Noah- signed by God with the rainbow
2) with Abraham- signed by Abraham and his descendants with circumcision
3) with Moses - signed by the Hebrews following the law (sacrifice, purity, regulation, kosher)

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19
Q

Joshua

A

Leads the Hebrews across the river Jordan on their invasion and conquest of Canaan

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20
Q

Saul

A

First king according to the bible

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21
Q

David

A

Second king; successor to first king Saul.

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22
Q

Solomon

A

Third king; one of David’s sons (though not the eldest)
Solomon builds a temple where Yahweh’s presence and the Ark of the covenant are located. Beginning the first temple period of Judaism

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23
Q

After Solomon, the land splits into ___ and ___

A

Israel and Judah

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24
Q

Those sent into exile and lost forever are called the …

A

10 lost tribes of Israel

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25
Q
  • Those left behind by the Assyrians continue to worship Yahweh and eventually become the ____of Jesus’ day
A

Samaritans

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26
Q

The exile

A

When the Persians conquered Babylon in 539 BCE,
they allowed the Jews to return home from
Bablyon if they wanted to

27
Q

Diaspora

A

the scattering of the Jewish people all over the world

28
Q

Those who returned from Babylon rebuilt the Temple and re-established worship of Yahweh there

A

The beginning of the Second temple period

29
Q

Judaism is influenced by what persian religion?

A

Zoroastrianism

30
Q

The name of the founder of Zoroastrianism is __

A

Zoraster

31
Q

Best religion

A

Behdin

32
Q

Mazdayasna

A

Mazda means worship. this is what believers of Zoroastrianism call it.

33
Q

The believers of Zoroastrianism are called __

A

Parsees

34
Q

Zoroastrianism believers believe there is only one true God named ___.

He is opposed by an evil lesser divine being named __

A

Ahura Mazda

Ahriman

35
Q

Final codification of the first part of Jewish scripture

A

Known as the Deuteronomistic revision

36
Q

The stories to show the pattern of history

A
  1. God makes a covenant with his people
  2. jews stray from God
  3. God sends prophets to warn the Jews
  4. The Jews refuse to listen to the prophets and repent
  5. God revokes the covenant and punishes the Jews
  6. the Jews repent
37
Q

Maccabean Revolt

A
38
Q

There are four sects in Judaism with different perspectives on what it means to be jewish.

A

Pharisees, Sadducees, essenes, zealots

39
Q

Pharisees

A

Willing to accommodate Greco-Roman
culture (to a point); accepted oral Torah and the
resurrection of the dead, Heaven and Hell, etc,

40
Q

Sadducees

A

Connected to the Temple priests and
roman rulers; rejected the oral Torah and resurrection
of the dead, Heaven and Hell, etc.

41
Q

Essenes

A

Separated from conventional Judaism in
the desert to await the intervention of God or His
Messiah(s), living lives of ritual purity

42
Q

Zealots

A

Political revolutionaries

43
Q

Zealots

A

Political revolutionaries

44
Q

The first roman war

A

Destruction of the temple in 70 CE (know the date)

45
Q

The second roman war

A

Jews dispersed throughout the Mediterranean area by the romans

46
Q

Synagogues are ..

A

places of worship and learning centers

47
Q

Rabbis

A

teachers who become priests

48
Q

Followers of jesus are called

A

Nazarenes.

This new form of Judaism is called rabbinic Judaism.

49
Q

This effort to find a home for the Jewish people is called

A

Zionism

50
Q

The 24 books of the TANAK are

A

Law, prophets, and writings

51
Q

The law

A
  • the oral torah. it is the five books of moses.
52
Q

The prophets

A
  • Nevi’im
  • The story of God’s interactions with his
    people through his many prophets
53
Q

The writings

A
  • Ketuvim
  • A variety of other types of texts including
    hymns (Psalms), wisdom (Proverbs),
    depictions of the end times (Daniel), and
    other stories (Job and Ruth)
54
Q

Talmud

A
  • The “oral” Torah, or the instruction given to Moses at Mt. Sinai but
    passed on orally for centuries before finally being written down
55
Q

Orthodox

A

Strict followers of traditional Jewish law . absolutely no working on the sabbath and absolute conformity to kosher.

56
Q

Reform

A

A modern and modernizing movement with Judaism, Emphasizes Jewish ethical tradition over the obligations of jewish law.

57
Q

Conservative

A

Seen as between reform and orthodox.

58
Q

Reconstructionist

A

People who identify to be jewish but not practice their beliefs

59
Q

Asherah

A

El’s consort
A mother/ fertility goddess related to Ishtar
later adopted as yahweh’s consort

60
Q

Ba’al

A
  • god of rain, fertility
  • his name means “lord”
  • the God to whom the ancient israelites turned when they lost faith in Yahweh
61
Q

Elhoim

A

Literally the gods (plural), but usually translated as God (singular)

62
Q

Yahweh definition

A

It means “ I am that I am “

63
Q

YHWH Elohim

A
  • often translated as Lord God, but literally means “Yahweh of the gods”

philosophy (6 decks)

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