Chapter 3 Flashcards
It is a predetermined course of action intended to facilitate the accomplishment of a task, work
or mission?
Plan
It is a methodical selection of a series or set of complementary actions for the purpose of
pursuing an improved position.
Planning
Deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it.
Planning
What is the importance of planning?
Achieve the objective of organization
Indicators of Poor planning
- Late submission of results
- Some laboratory personnel overworked, others are underworked.
- Some machines doing jobs that should be done by smaller machines.
- Quarrelling
Benefits of good planning?
- Jobs turn out on time
- Good relationship with other departments
- Equipment in good shape
- Materials available
Qualities of a good planner
- Good judgement, imagination,foresight and experience.
- Ability to evaluate laboratory opportunities and hazards.
- Proficiency in the determination of objective.
- Ability to accept changes
It is an ends toward which planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling are aimed?
Objective
It denote a general program of action implying commitment of emphasis and resources to attain broad objectives.
Strategies
A general statement or understanding which guide in decision making?
Policies
It is a guide to action, rather than to thinking, and they detail the exact manner in which a certain activity must be accomplished.
Procedure
It is a statement of expected results expressed in numerical terms. It is also referred to as a numbered program
Budget
Steps in planning
- BEING AWARE OF OPPORTUNITY
- OBJECTIVES OR GOALS
- CONSIDER PLANNING PREMISES
- IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVES
- COMPARE ALTERNATIVES IN LIGHT OF GOALS SOUGHT
- CHOOSE AN ALTERNATIVE
- FORMULATE SUPPORTING PLANS
- NUMBERIZED PLANS BY MAKING BUDGETS
It is the general and qualitative statements of overall philosophy of the organization?
Goals
Final and ultimate goal?
Mission
It is refers to the totality of an organzation’s awareness based upon the prior observations and participations of its membership?
Past experience
Maybe stated as the known or estimated expenditures for given services in a given locale or as projections of these expenditures contingent upon specific plans and anticipated development.
Market Potential
These are difficulties and problems that results between those responsible for providing laboratory services and those accountable of administering overall
hospital policy.
Hospital or Laboratory Relations
It serve as valuable indicators of consensus thinking within the industry and, as such, provide an important means by which one’s own thinking and practices may be influenced.
Laboratory Trends
Pattern of tests requests is as useful indicator of relative value with which the physician perceives the wide range of laboratory services.
Medical Trends
Events that have been already affected hospital laboratories include the legalization of unions in non-profit institution and the legislations of equal job opportunities.
Socio-political Trends
It is a conceptual and deals with the sweeping of what to do?
Strategic Planning
It is concerned with the identification of the mission and of those objectives that will permit its most efficient pursuit.
Strategic Planning
It requires an operational or technical skill and is generally a logical responsibility of the supervisory staff
Tactical Planning
The process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and establishing relationship for the purpose of
enabling the people to work most effectively together in accomplishing objectives
Organization
The subordinates follow the leader who yields exclusive power to decide and enforce unquestionable obedience in his subordinates.
Herd Concept
Direct delegation of authority and definition of the area of responsibility of the superior to the subordinate.
Man to Man concept
The superior and the subordinates are members of the team. The relationship is no longer man to man but man to his group.
Social Concept
The single most concise representation of the
organization and also provides membership of an understanding of their station and how they relate to one another.
Table of Organization
What are the basic rules in scheduling
- No more than five consecutive working days for each individual.
- Provide two consecutive days off, except in the rare case where the individual prefer
split days off - Within the possibilities, give the individual shift he wants. This will usually be days but a
small number of people always prefer evening or night shifts for a variety of personal
reasons. - Rotate weekend and holidays off with as much fairness as possible.
- Post schedules at least three weeks in advance.
- Stick to schedule as closely as possible, and make changes only when essential and only
after discussion with other concerned. - Provide the opportunity for the individual to ask for a specific day off on occasion.
The process which an existing organization undergoes that brings about changes in the size and shape of the organization structure.
Reorganization
It is to encourage all personnel in the organization to accomplish whatever assignments may be given to them by management in order to achieve the objectives in the manner they were planned and organized?
Directing
Entails responsibility for assuming that policies and procedures are followed? It Includes understanding and agreement with established goals and an active role
in their formulation and achievement.
Supervision
It involves measuring, restraining and correcting performance to accomplish an objective as it was planned.
Controlling
Controlling by means of personal supervision and
utilization control checks consisting of procedures for any given task or function
Pre-action control
Controlling as the task or function is being performed or
may have been performed and corrective deviations from standards or plans.
Post action control
It is an act of setting standards, measuring actual performance, and taking corrective actions
Control in Management
It Involves a systematic process of assessment of strengths and weaknesses of workers as basis for administrative decisions and development
Appraisal or measurement of standard
Appraisal and measure of standard can be done through?
Criteria based
Competency based
An item against which the performance or behaviour of an employee can be compared to obtain a relative measurement.
Performance Standard
It is a selective point in planning performance at which performance is measured, so that managers can receive signals about how things are going
Performance Standard
