Chapter 3

Question 1

Internet: technology bakcground

Answer 1

Internet is a interconnected network of 1000 networks and millions of computers linking business, educational inst, government and people
4 billion around the world

Web. is one of the internet services
billions or trillions of web pages///language HTML

History of internet ( 3 phases)

• innovation phase
• Institutionalization phase
• Commercialization phase

Question 2

internet: key technology concepts

Answer 2

Packet switching
slicing digital messages in packets and reassembling the packets once they have arrived to destination

Packets
discrete units into which digital messages are sliced for transmission over the internet

Router
special purpose computer that interconnects computer network and routes packets to the ultimate destination

Routing algorithm
Computer program that ensures that packets take the best available path

TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol// internet protocol)
Protocol is set of rules for standards for data transfer

TCP establishes connection among sending a receiving computers and handles assembly and reassembly of the packages

IP Provides internet addressing scheme and it is responsible for delivering the package.

Question 3

TCP / IP four layers

Answer 3

1. network interface layers
   Responsible for placing packet on and receiving
   through a line
2. network internet layers
   Resp. anddressing, packaging and routing
3. Transport layers
4. Application layer
   Variety of protocols like Border gateway protocols
   (BGP) ( HTTP) ( FTP)

Question 4

Domain Names, DNS, and URLs

Answer 4

Natural Domain
IP address can be represented by a convention

Domain Name system (DNS)
System for expressing numerical IP adresses in natural language

Uniform resource locator ( URL)
The address used by a web browser to identify the location of content on the web
Contains the protocol to be used when accessing the address, followed by its location

Question 5

Client server Computing

Answer 5

Client server Computing
A model of computing in which client computers are connected in a network with one or more servers

Client
A powerful desktop computer that is part of a network

Server
networker computer dedicated to common functions that client computers on the network needs.

Question 6

Mobile platform

Answer 6

Smartphones
Tablet computers

rely on flash memory and internet cloud.

Question 7

Cloud computing

Answer 7

Model of computer in which computer processing, storage, and other services are provided as a shared pool or virtualized over the internet

Characteristics

1. On-demand self service
2. Ubiquitous network access
3. Location/independent resource pooling
4. Rapid elasticity
5. Measured service
6. Infrastructure as a service
7. Software as a service
8. Platform as a service

Public, private and hybrid clouds

Question 8

Internet infrastructure and access

Answer 8

Backbone 
    (High-Bandwith fiber optic cable network that 
     transport data around the globe)
Regional Hubs 
   IXP 
   Regional Hosts
     1. domain Hosts
     2. Regional hosts
   Domain Local ISP

Bandwidth
Measures how much data can be transfered within a fixed period of time (BPS Bips per second)

5G
Cellular standard for high-bandwith mobile broadband

WLAN- popularity wifi
Wireless local area network based internet access

Bluetooth

Internet of things
Use the internet to connect a wide variety of devices. machines and sensors
RFID tags

Question 9

who governs the internet

Answer 9

ICANN Internet corporation for assign names and numbers

IETF. Internet The engineer Taskforce

IRTF Internet research task force

IESG Internet Engineering Seteering group

IAB Internet architect board

ISOC internet society

IGF Internet governance forum

W3C world wide web consortium

Question 10

The web

Answer 10

HTLM Hypertext markup Language
HTLM5 most recent version of HTLM

Mosaic
Web browser with a graphical user interface that make
possible to view documents of the web

Universal computing
the sharing of files , info, graphics, sound, video,
across computers in the world

Cascading style sheets
Tells a web browser how to display the HTML on the
screen

XML Extensible Markup Language
describe data and information

Web service
Software deliver web pages to client computers on a
network

Security services
File transfer
Search engine
Data Capture

Question 11

Internet and web // features and services

Answer 11

Download.
Transfer a file from a webserver and stores in a computer

streaming media

Podcast

Question 12

web 2.0 include social network, blogs and wikis

Answer 12

Online social networks
Blogs
Wiki
Virtual and augmented reality

Question 13

Mobile apps// the next big thing is here

Answer 13

Google play

apple-store