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Psych 1200 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

These cells send and receive electrical signals to communicate between each other.

A

What are Neurons?

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2
Q

This part of the cell contains everything, including the nucleus of a neuron.

A

What is the Cell Body?

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3
Q

These long, tentacle-like appendages receive electrical impulses from other neurons.

A

What are Dendrites?

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4
Q

This long extension of a neuron sends out an electrical impulse once action potential is reached.

A

What is an Axon?

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5
Q

This fatty coating around the axon increase the speed of electrical impulses.

A

What is the Myelin Sheathe?

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6
Q

This part of the neuron is almost like an airport for neurotransmitters to be released to another neuron.

A

What is the Axon Terminal?

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7
Q

The brain’s ability to develop functions and change structures during development.

A

What is Neural Plasticity?

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8
Q

This brain development of neurons help integrate newer nerve cells with ones from youth.

A

What is Adult Neurogenesis?

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9
Q

These support cells for neurons include the microglian cells for waste removal, and oligodendrocytes for myelin production.

A

What are Glial Cells?

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10
Q

This neurodegenerative disease occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks myelin, slowing down neural cells.

A

What is MS Multiple Sclerosis?

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11
Q

This electrical movement occurs due to the charge of neurotransmitters and the resting charge of dendrites.

A

What is Ionic Movement?

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12
Q

These brain chemicals influence the electrical charge of the neuron to release signals.

A

What are Neurotransmitters?

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13
Q

This area is the intermediary between an axon terminal and the receiving dendrite.

A

What is Synapse?

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14
Q

This principle of neurons declares that a neuron will always fire a signal once the action potential threshold is reached.

A

What is the All-or-Nothing Principle?

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15
Q

This process occurs at the presynaptic axon terminal in which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed if in proximity.

A

What is the process of Reuptake?

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16
Q

This system of nerves includes the brain and spinal cord primarily.

A

What is the Central Nervous System?

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17
Q

This system of nerves connects to most organs and muscles in the body, creating two more types of systems: Autonomic and Somatic.

A

What is the Peripheral Nervous System?

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18
Q

When your body is under a stress response, it relies on this.

A

What is Sympathetic Nervous System?

19
Q

When your body is in a state of neutrality, it uses this nervous system to regulate base levels of activity.

A

What is Parasympathetic Nervous System?

20
Q

This brain section includes the Medulla, the Pons, and the Cerebellum.

A

What is the Hindbrain?

21
Q

This part of the brain is responsible for keeping the heart and breathing rate at normal levels.

A

What is the Medulla?

22
Q

This part of the brain is responsible for an individual’s alertness and arousal levels.

A

What is the Pons/Reticular Formation?

23
Q

This part of the brain controls the motor controls responsible for balance and posture.

A

What is the Cerebellum?

24
Q

This brain region contains the Tectum and Substantia Nigra.

A

What is the Midbrain?

25
Q

This part of the brain orients our visual and auditory attention into responsive motor functions, otherwise known as reactions.

A

What is the Tectum?

26
Q

This part of the brain release dopamine for completing voluntary movements.

A

What is the Substantia Nigra?

27
Q

This part of the brain contains most of the brain, or the most visible parts.

A

What is the Forebrain?

28
Q

These tubes in the forebrain contain waste removal fluid that also supplies nutrients and hormones to the brain and spine.

A

What are Ventricles?

29
Q

This part of the brain is responsible for planned movement and skill development.

A

What is the Basal Ganglia?

30
Q

This brain area includes the amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus to integrate sensory information with reward systems.

A

What is the Nucleus Accumbens?

31
Q

This almond shaped brain region processes highly emotional stimuli, but is known more as the fear center.

A

What is the Amygdala?

32
Q

This small brain area is known for memory formation and therefore assists in the learning process.

A

What is the Hippocampus?

33
Q

The brain area is the operator, determining where signals are sent to throughout the brain.

A

What is the Thalamus?

34
Q

Part of the Endocrine System, this area of the body keeps the body in homeostasis, or regulated to comfortable levels.

A

What is the Hypothalamus?

35
Q

This odd-shaped gland is responsible for releasing hormones to other glands in the body.

A

What is the Pituary Gland?

36
Q

The wrinkles of the brain containing both grey and white matter.

A

What is the Cerebral Cortex?

37
Q

This lobe processes visual information.

A

What is the Occipital Lobe?

38
Q

This lobe processes auditory information.

A

What is the Temporal Lobe?

39
Q

This lobe processes higher functions that requires conscious thought, such as planning and impulse control.

A

What is the Frontal Lobe?

40
Q

This lobe processes most touch sensations.

A

What is the Parietal Lobe?

41
Q

The name of the nerve bundles that connect the two hemispheres of the brain.

A

What is the Corpus Callosum?

42
Q

This idea states that the two hemispheres of the brain process different functions to improve parallel processing.

A

What is Lateralization?

43
Q

To detect brain activity, the use of magnetic pulses to activate or inhibit brain activity may be used.

A

What is Trans-cranial Magnetic Stimulation?

Psych 1200 (6 decks)

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