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Psych 1200 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

This term is to describe the facts of the world free from individual bias.

A

What is Objectivity?

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2
Q

This term is to describe the facts of the world influenced from an individual perspective.

A

What is Subjectivity?

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3
Q

If your results are generalized, based on reliable measurements, with minimum bias and has gone through replication and public scrutiny, you’ve completed this.

A

What are the Five Characteristics of Quality Science?

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4
Q

These measurements are consistent between instruments and observers.

A

What is an Objective Measurement?

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5
Q

This object is something that can be changed in an experiment.

A

What is a Variable?

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6
Q

This type of definition helps scientists choose the best operating variables and instruments for their experiment.

A

What is an Operational Definition?

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7
Q

This term reflects the degree of accuracy measurements from instruments.

A

What is Validity?

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8
Q

This term describes how consistent observations are over time.

A

What is Reliability?

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9
Q

This term asks are scores similar to one another at different points in time?

A

What is Test-Retest Reliabilty?

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10
Q

This term asks if scores are similar to each other over different tests?

A

What is Alternate-Test Reliability?

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11
Q

This term asks if results can be applied to a larger sample or population.

A

What is Generalizabilty?

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12
Q

This psychological effect occurs when changes occur not because of variables but due to pressure from observation.

A

What is the Hawthorne Effect?

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13
Q

These cues can be picked up by a subject from an experimenter on what exactly the researcher is looking for from the experiment.

A

What are Demand Characteristics?

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14
Q

A subject might go out of their way to be viewed favourably by the experimenter, performing this term.

A

What is Social Desirability?

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15
Q

Researchers are guilty of committing this, when their expectations of subjects influence results.

A

What is Observer Expectancy?

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16
Q

This effect occurs when subjects are given a treatment that shouldn’t do anything, but sometimes has effects.

A

What is the Placebo Effect?

17
Q

In this type of study, the participants are unaware of what exactly they are being tested on.

A

What is a Single-Blind Study?

18
Q

In this type of study, both the experimenter and subjects are unaware of the true nature of the experiment.

A

What is a Double-Blind Study?

19
Q

These clauses help keep subject information private and limited to use in the study.

A

What is Anonymity and Confidentiality?

20
Q

This type of review is by other researchers in the same field.

A

What is Peer Review?

21
Q

If someone can do this, they are able to remake an experiment and its results in the exact same conditions.

A

What is Replication?

22
Q

This type of research is almost like a census in which you collect descriptive information from individual observations.

A

What is Descriptive Research?

23
Q

This type of study follows one particular individual throughout a long period of time.

A

What is a Case Study?

24
Q

To observe a subject in their natural environment.

A

What is a Naturalistic Observation?

25
Q

This type of research tries to show how closely linked two different variables are.

A

What is Correlational Research?

26
Q

This kind of variable can interfere with an experiment depending on how much of a presence it has.

A

What is a Lurking Variable?

27
Q

This experimental design compares participants in different groups, such as a control versus an experimental group.

A

What is Between-Subjects Design?

28
Q

This experimental design has all participants go through both a control and experimental stimuli.

A

What is Within-Subjects Design?

29
Q

These cellular structures in the nucleus contain the genes and form into an almost X-like pattern.

A

What is a Chromosome?

30
Q

This double-helix molecule contains the nucleotides to activate gene sequences.

A

What is Dioxyribonucleic Acid DNA?

31
Q

These strings of nucleotides help guide protein synthesis.

A

What are Genes?

32
Q

This type of genetics evaluating how much of an influence our genetics plays in our development.

A

What is Behavioural Genetics?

33
Q

Coined by Charles Darwin, this term describes the change in frequency of traits in a population.

A

What is Evolution?

34
Q

Cells control gene activity without altering the DNA sequence, known as this.

A

What is Epigenetics?

Psych 1200 (6 decks)

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