Chapter 29: Orthopedic Injuries Flashcards
Discuss
Splinting objective for long bone fx
Stabilize the joint above and below the fx
Discuss
When do we correct a gross deformity with traction in the field?
When there is no distal PMS (with the exception of femor fx’s)
Discuss
Tx: strains and sprains?
Treat any as a fx, since you never know. Assume pt has fx.
Discuss
What’s articular cartilage?
Cartilage on the ends of bones in a joint.
Discuss
What’s a subluxation?
An incomplete disclocation; disruption of the joint is not complete.
Discuss
Types of fx’s
Greenstick, Comminuted, Pathologic, Epiphyseal, Oblique, Transverse, Spiral, Incomplete
Discuss
What’s a greenstick fx?
Fx passes only partway through bone but can still cause angulation. Predominantly in children.
Discuss
What’s a communited fx?
Bone broken into more than two fragments
Discuss
What’s a pathologic fx?
A fx of a weakened or diseased bone
Discuss
What’s an epiphyseal fx?
A fx that occurs in the growth section of a child’s bone and may result in growth abnormailities
Discuss
What’s an oblique fx?
The fracture line is at an angle across the bone
Discuss
What’s a transverse fx?
A fx that goes straight across the bone
Discuss
What’s a spiral fx?
A fx caused by twisting
Discuss
What’s an incomplete fx?
A nondisplaced partial crack. Difficult to distinguish from a contusion.
Discuss
What effect might an anterior shoulder dislocation have on nerves?
May compress the axillary nerve causing a numb spot on the lateral shoulder.
Discuss
Tx for dislocation?
Discuss
What’s a sprain?
Tearing and damage to the articular cartilage, capsule, ligaments, or tendons. May resul in dislocation if tearing is complete.
Discuss
What’s a strain?
Tearing or stretching of muscle that causes pain, swelling, and bruising of surrounding soft tissue.
Discuss
How to do muscoulskeletal assessment?
6 P’s: Pain, Paralysis, Paresthesias (numbness or tingilng), Pulselessness, Pallor, Pressure. Assess pulse, cap refill, sensation, and motor function.
Discuss
Hip dislocation
Almost always posterior. Anterior dislocation may interfere with sciatic nerve which control muscles in posterior thigh and below the knee along with sensation in leg and foot.
Discuss
What are life threatening orthopedic injuries (survival probable)?
Multiple closed fx’s, Limb amputations, Bilateral femur fx’s
Discuss
What are critical orthopedic injuries (survival uncertain)?
Multiple open fx’s, Suspected pelvic fx’s with hemodynamic instability
Discuss
What’s a pelvic binder?
Device that provides stabilization to fractured pelvis, meant to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends.
Discuss
What’s the most reliable indicator of an underlying fracture (in cases where it’s possible there isn’t one)?
Point tenderness
