Chapter 29 - Nasal Congestion Flashcards
1
Q
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
A
Class: Nasal decongestants
- MOA: acts directly on adrenergic receptors; produces vasoconstriction, which shrinks nasal mucosa membranes –> decreases nasal congestion
- Use: nasal congestion
- AE: HTN, dysrhythmia, impaired coordination, dizziness, excitability, headache, insomnia, restlessness, seizures, vertigo, urinary retention, thrombocytopenia, blurred vision, tinnitus, chest tightness, dry nose, wheezing –> all these effects make it not a good med for older people
2
Q
dextromethorphan (Benylin)
A
Class: Antitussives (non-narcotic)
- MOA: suppress cough by depressing cough center in medulla oblongata or cough receptors in throat, trachea, or lungs
- Uses: dry, hacking, nonproductive cough
- AE: nausea, drowsiness, rash, difficulty breathing; high doses –> hallucinations, disassociation
3
Q
benzonatate (Tessalon)
A
Class: Antitussives (non-narcotic)
- MOA: has anesthetizing effect on stretch receptors in respiratory passages
- Patient must SWALLOW pill, not chew if chew, will numb throat and mouth as anesthetic
- AE: choking feeling, chest pain or numbness, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations
4
Q
codeine and hydrocodone
A
Class: Antitussives (narcotic)
- Have antitussive effects in small doses
- AE: N/V, constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, pruritus, drug dependence
5
Q
guaifenesin (Robitussin)
A
Class: Expectorants
- MOA: reduces viscosity of tenacious secretions; it increases the volume and decreases the viscosity of respiratory tract secretions
- Use: productive cough
- AE: skin rash, headache, N/V
6
Q
acetylcysteine (Acetadote, Mucomyst)
A
Class: Mucolytics
- MOA: has mucolytic action through its sylfhydryl group –> reduces viscosity of mucous secretions (breaks down mucous bonds, making it less sticky and thick)
- Uses: acetaminophen overdose, Cystic Fibrosis, any condition to liquefy thick secretions
- Admin: nebulization, PO or IV
- AE: inhalation: drowsiness, N/V, bronchospasm
- Other: smells like rotten eggs via nebulizer
