Chapter 29 Flashcards
The major candidates for president in 1960 were
John Kennedy and Richard Nixon
Kennedy encountered difficulty getting his legislative proposals passed by Congress because
Republicans controlled both houses of Congress
The Warren Commission reviewed the Kennedy assassination and concluded that
Lee Harvey Oswald was the assassin and acted alone
The reform program of Lyndon Johnson became known as the
Great Society
Johnson’s domestic program centered upon the issues of
social welfare and economic strength
In 1965, the twenty-year debate over national health care culminated in the passage of Medicare, whose recipients were to be
all elderly Americans regardless of need
The Office of Economic Opportunity created controversy as it
sought to involve members of the poor communities through “Community Action”
As a result of the assault on poverty during the 1960s,
the government eliminated De facto segregation
Federal aid to schools provided in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 was
based upon the economic conditions of the students, not on the needs of the schools
The reforms of the Immigration Act of 1965 included a provision requiring that
the “national origins” system be eliminated
One of the legacies of the Great Society was high budget deficits that were caused by
rapidly rising government expenditures
The “sit-in” movement of racial protest in the early 1960s resulted in
the integration of some public eating facilities
“Freedom riders” in the early 1960s aimed at
the desegregation of bus stations
Prominent officials who resisted efforts to end discrimination against blacks in the South included all of the following men except
Medgar Evers
Following the racial violence in Alabama and Mississippi in 1962 and 1963, President Kennedy
introduced legislation to end segregation in public accommodations
The high-water mark of peaceful interracial civil rights demonstrations was the
August 1963 March on Washington, D.C.
Events of the Freedom Summer included
the brutal murder of three young civil rights activists
De facto segregation resulted from
state and federal laws
“Affirmative action” is best described as the legal requirement that
employers take positive measures to recruit minorities to compensate for past injustices
During the 1960s, major race riots erupted in all of the following cities except
Kansas City
The Commission on Civil Disorders issued a report in 1968 that recommended
massive spending to improve conditions in the ghettos
The tenets of the philosophy of “black power” led to all of the following developments except
the consolidation of civil rights organizations
Black power advocates included all of the following activists except
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Kennedy believed that the future struggle against communism would occur mainly in the
developing countries of the Third World
President Kennedy’s proposals calling for an “Alliance for Progress” reflected his desire to
expand American influence through peaceful means
Success for the 1961 American-aided invasion of Cuba depended on
an anti-Castro uprising in Cuba
Cuba hosted Soviet technicians and began military construction
of nuclear missile launching sites
The Cuban Missile Crisis was resolved when
Kennedy accepted Khrushchev’s offer to remove the missiles from Cuba in exchange for Kennedy’s pledge not to invade the island
The First Indochina War resulted from
the French decision to move back into Vietnam after World War II
North Vietnam and South Vietnam differed from one another in that
the North essentially had a factionalized culture, while the South was much more homogeneous
The Viet Cong were
South Vietnamese army regulars who staged a coup against their own government
Kennedy decided to remove Diem from the presidency of South Vietnam when
Diem launched attacks on the country’s Buddhists
Since the fall of Vietnam in 1975, historians have offered all of the following explanations for U.S. involvement there except
the United States wanted to preserve its own economic interests by keeping Vietnamese natural resources available to American industries
The American commitment in Vietnam increased substantially when
President Johnson asked for and Congress approved the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Escalation of the Vietnam War in the 1960s included all of the following steps except
American officials began governing the country in place of the Vietnamese
One of the primary reasons that the United States could not fully win the Vietnam War was
the United States employed conventional warfare techniques in an unconventional war
One of the earliest and most powerful opponents of the Vietnam War was
J. William Fulbright
Public opinion turned radically against the Vietnam War after the
Viet Cong launched the 1968 Tet Offensive
All of the following events took place in 1968 except
the killing of four students at Kent State University
The massive racial unrest and rioting that erupted in more than sixty American cities in 1968 occurred as a result of the assassination of
Martin Luther King, Jr
The violence outside the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago resulted from
demonstrations against the Vietnam War
The presidential campaign of George Wallace promoted
increased federal aid for social programs and a pullout from the Vietnam War
The election of Richard Nixon to the presidency in 1968 indicated that the American people wanted to
restore stability and law and order
In pursuing his New Frontier domestic policy, President Kennedy experienced
frustration due to the coalition of conservative Democrats and Republicans who blocked many of his programs
Advocates of “community action” during the 1960s believed that
citizens in urban areas should band together to preserve order and stability in the face of crime and other disturbances
All of the following were Great Society proposals or programs except
immigration reform
