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Bio 2 > Chapter 29/30 > Flashcards

Chapter 29/30 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Sporollenin

A

Durable polymer that covers exposed zygotes of charophyte algae preventing them from drying out

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2
Q

Sporangia

A

A organ that produces spores

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3
Q

Vascular plants

A

plants with complex vascular tissue

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4
Q

Vascular tissue

A

Cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients

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5
Q

Bryophytes

A

Nonvascular plants

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6
Q

Lycophytes

A

The club moss and their relatives

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7
Q

Seed

A

Embryo packaged with a supply of nutrient inside a protective coat

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8
Q

Gymnosperms

A

Seeds that are not enclosed in chambers

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9
Q

Angiosperms

A

Seeds enclosed in chambers

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10
Q

Protonema

A

Mass of green branched, one cell thick filaments.

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11
Q

Rhizoids

A

Tubular cell or filament of cells that anchors bryophytes to the ground

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12
Q

Gametangia

A

Multicellular structures that produce gametes and are covered by protective tissue

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13
Q

Archegonia

A

Female gametangia produce the egg

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14
Q

Antheridia

A

Male gametangia that produces sperm

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15
Q

Brood bodies

A

Part of the main plant that can detach and develop into a genetically identical copy of the plant

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16
Q

Foot of sporophyte function

A

Absorbs nutrients from gametophyte

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17
Q

Seta of sporophyte

A

Stalk

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18
Q

Capsule (sporangium)

A

produces spore by meiosis

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19
Q

Peristome

A

Upper part of capsule featuring ring of interlocking tooth-like structures

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20
Q

Xylem

A

Conducts most of the water and minerals

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21
Q

Tracheids

A

Found in xylem and are tube shaped cells that carry water and minerals up from root

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22
Q

Lignin

A

Strong polymer embedded in cellulose matrix of secondary cell walls of vascular plants that provides structural support

23
Q

Phloem

A

Cells arranged into tubes that distribute sugars, amino acids, and other organic products

24
Q

Microphylls

A

Small, often spine shaped leaves supported by a single strand of vascular tissue

25
Q

Megaphyll

A

Leaves with hughly branched vascular system

26
Q

Sporophylls

A

Modified leaves that bear sporangia

27
Q

Sori

A

Cluster of sporangia found in fern sporophyll

28
Q

Strobili

A

Groups of sporophylls that form a cone-like structure

29
Q

Homosporous

A

type of sporophyll that produces one type of sporangium that produces one type of spore

30
Q

Heterosporous

A

Species that have 2 types of sporophylls: megasporophyll, and microsporophyll

31
Q

Megasporophylls

A

Have megasporangia which produces megaspores which develop into females

32
Q

Microsporophylls

A

Have microsporangia which produce microspores, these are smaller spores that become males

33
Q

Integument

A

Layer of sporophyte tissue that contributes to the structure of an ovule of a seed plant

34
Q

Ovule

A

Structure that develops within ovary of a seed plant and contains female gametophyte

35
Q

Pollen grain

A

Structure consisting of the male gametophyte enclosed within a pollen wall

36
Q

Conifers

A

Gymnosperms that are cone bearing plants

37
Q

Sepal

A

Modified leaf in angiosperms that help enclose and protect flower bud before it opens

38
Q

Stamens

A

Microsporophyll which produces male gametes

39
Q

Anther

A

Site of pollen production

40
Q

Carpels

A

Megasporophyll that produce female gametes

41
Q

How do fleshy fruits form

A

When ovary walls soften during ripening

42
Q

How do dry fruit forms

A

Former ovarian wall directly attached to to seed coat

43
Q

Generative cell

A

cell of an angiosperm pollen grain that divides to produce two male gamete nuclei.

44
Q

Tube cells function

A

Produce a pollen tube

45
Q

Embryo sac

A

Female gametophyte of angiosperms formed from the growth & division of the megaspore into multicellular structure that typically has 8 haploid nuclei

46
Q

Cross-pollination

A

Transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to a stigma of anothet

47
Q

Micropyle

A

Pore in integument of ovule

48
Q

Double fertilization

A

One fertilization event produces a zygote and the other produces a triploid cell

49
Q

Cotyledons

A

Embryonic seed leaves

50
Q

Endosperm

A

Tissue rich in starch & other food reserves that nourish embryo

51
Q

Monocots

A

Species with one cotyledon

52
Q

Eudicots

A

True dicots which have 2 cotyledon

53
Q

Sporophyte

A

Multicellular diploid phase of alternation of generation that produces spores

54
Q

Gametophyte

A

Multicellular haploid phase of aog ghat produces gametes

Bio 2 (11 decks)

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