Chapter 29 Flashcards
A round, three dimensional object, the surface of which is the same distance from the center in all directions
Sphere
An elongated, closed curve with two foci.
Ellipse
Is earth a perfect sphere
NO, The equator is longer than the length from pole to pole
What are some of the aintient observations to prove that the earth is a sphere
Gravity
luner Eclipse
Diffrent stars
A 15 Degrees wide area in which the time is the same
Time Zone
The spining of earth on its axis
Rotation
The motion of earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun
Revolution
defined as the plane of earths orbit around the sun
Ecliptic
occurs when earths rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun
Solstice
when Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of earths to the center of the sun
Equinox
Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?
Babylonians
What was the symbol for degree taken from?
Babylonian symbol of the sun
How many degrees does the earth spin in one day?
360 degrees
How many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation?
24 hours to spin 360 degrees
How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?
15 degrees
What direction does the sun rise?
East
What direction does the sun set?
West
True or false. All time zones are the exact same size
False, They are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites
How many time zones are in the world?
24
Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?
East
What direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?
West
How many time zones are there in the United States?
6
What are the names of the time zones?
Atlantic/Alaskan Time Pacific Time Mountain Time Central Time Eastern Time Hawaiian Time
What is solar day?
Noon-Noon
What is a sidereal day?
earth rotates based on a star
What are the two main reasons for seasons?
Earths tilt and how close we are to the sun
Which 2 seasons have a solstice?
Summer and winter
Which month is the summer solstice?
June 21st
Which month is the winter solstice?
December 21st
Which two seasons are equinoxes?
Spring and fall
Which month is the spring equinox?
March 20th or 21st
Which month is the fall equinox?
September 22nd or 23rd
When is the longest day of the year
June 21st
When is the shortest day of the year?
December 21st
When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night
March and September equinoxes
A Rise Or Fall In The Ocean Surface
Tide
Reflects The Change In appearance Of The Moon As Seen From Earth
Moon Phase
Occurs When The Moon Moves Directly Between The Sun And Earth And Casts A Shadow On Earth
Solar Eclipse
Occurs When Earth Passes Between The Sun And The Moon And Casts A Shadow On The Moon
Lunar Eclipse
The Dark-Colored, Flat, Lava-Filled Regions On The Moon’s Surface
Maria
A Layer of Dusty Lunar Material Produced By Collisions Between Asteroids And Comets And The Moon
Regolith
How Many Days Does It Take The Moon To Revolve Around Earth
27.3 days
A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, What is this called?
Synodic month
Do we ever see the back side of the moon
NO
what causes a tide to rise or fall
Gravitational pulls of the moon and the sun
What is the rise of sea level called
High tide
After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level to drop
6 hours later
Which Is farther from earth, The sun or the moon
The Sun
Does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on earth’s tides
The Moon
How are the sun, the earth and the moon aligned for a spring tide
The sun the earth the moon are aligned in a straight line
How are the sun, the earth and the moon aligned for a neap tide
sun earth moon 90 degree angle
What does the phase of the moon you see depend on
Depends on the positions of the moon earth and the sun relative to each other
When does a new moon occur
When the moon is between the earth and the sun
How many phases of the moon are there
8 phases
What is the definition of waxing phases
The illuminated portion that we see appears larger each night
What is the definition of waning phases
After a full moon, the illuminated part appears to get smaller as the nights go on
What are the moon phase names
New Waxing crescent 1st Quarter Waxing gibbous Full Waning gibbous 3rd Quarter Waning crescent
Where is the word month derived from
Derived from the same root word as moon
How is the earth, Moon, and the sun aligned during a solar eclipse
Sun -> Moon -> Earth
what is an umbra
The shadow where a total eclipse will happen and the darkest point of the shadow from the moon to earth
What is a penumbra
A parshall eclipse caused by a lighter shadow where the moon is blocking out the sun
How is the earth, Moon, and the sun aligned during a lunar eclipse
Sun -> Earth -> Moon
How are the depressions on the moon formed
Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets
are there mountains on the moon
Yes
which side of the moon is thicker
The dark side of the moon
Is the mantel of the moon a solid or a liquid
Solid
What did the clementine spacecraft do (2 things)
Confirmed thickness of crust on moon
Gave info on mineral content on moon rocks
What did the lunar prospector do (3 things)
Took photo of surface
Confirmed iron rich core
Collected evidence of water-ice on moon
What is the giant impact theory
Mars side object collided with earth and when this happened debris was thrown into orbit which condensed into a large mass known as the moon
