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physical science > Chapter 29 > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Flashcards

1
Q

A round, three dimensional object, the surface of which is the same distance from the center in all directions

A

Sphere

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2
Q

An elongated, closed curve with two foci.

A

Ellipse

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3
Q

Is earth a perfect sphere

A

NO, The equator is longer than the length from pole to pole

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4
Q

What are some of the aintient observations to prove that the earth is a sphere

A

Gravity
luner Eclipse
Diffrent stars

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5
Q

A 15 Degrees wide area in which the time is the same

A

Time Zone

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6
Q

The spining of earth on its axis

A

Rotation

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7
Q

The motion of earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

A

Revolution

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8
Q

defined as the plane of earths orbit around the sun

A

Ecliptic

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9
Q

occurs when earths rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun

A

Solstice

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10
Q

when Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of earths to the center of the sun

A

Equinox

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11
Q

Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?

A

Babylonians

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12
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from?

A

Babylonian symbol of the sun

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13
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one day?

A

360 degrees

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14
Q

How many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation?

A

24 hours to spin 360 degrees

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15
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?

A

15 degrees

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16
Q

What direction does the sun rise?

A

East

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17
Q

What direction does the sun set?

A

West

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18
Q

True or false. All time zones are the exact same size

A

False, They are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites

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19
Q

How many time zones are in the world?

A

24

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20
Q

Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?

A

East

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21
Q

What direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?

A

West

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22
Q

How many time zones are there in the United States?

A

6

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23
Q

What are the names of the time zones?

A 
Atlantic/Alaskan Time
Pacific Time
Mountain Time
Central Time
Eastern Time
Hawaiian Time
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24
Q

What is solar day?

A

Noon-Noon

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25
What is a sidereal day?
earth rotates based on a star
26
What are the two main reasons for seasons?
Earths tilt and how close we are to the sun
27
Which 2 seasons have a solstice?
Summer and winter
28
Which month is the summer solstice?
June 21st
29
Which month is the winter solstice?
December 21st
30
Which two seasons are equinoxes?
Spring and fall
31
Which month is the spring equinox?
March 20th or 21st
32
Which month is the fall equinox?
September 22nd or 23rd
33
When is the longest day of the year
June 21st
34
When is the shortest day of the year?
December 21st
35
When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night
March and September equinoxes
36
A Rise Or Fall In The Ocean Surface
Tide
37
Reflects The Change In appearance Of The Moon As Seen From Earth
Moon Phase
38
Occurs When The Moon Moves Directly Between The Sun And Earth And Casts A Shadow On Earth
Solar Eclipse
39
Occurs When Earth Passes Between The Sun And The Moon And Casts A Shadow On The Moon
Lunar Eclipse
40
The Dark-Colored, Flat, Lava-Filled Regions On The Moon's Surface
Maria
41
A Layer of Dusty Lunar Material Produced By Collisions Between Asteroids And Comets And The Moon
Regolith
42
How Many Days Does It Take The Moon To Revolve Around Earth
27.3 days
43
A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, What is this called?
Synodic month
44
Do we ever see the back side of the moon
NO
45
what causes a tide to rise or fall
Gravitational pulls of the moon and the sun
46
What is the rise of sea level called
High tide
47
After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level to drop
6 hours later
48
Which Is farther from earth, The sun or the moon
The Sun
49
Does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on earth's tides
The Moon
50
How are the sun, the earth and the moon aligned for a spring tide
The sun the earth the moon are aligned in a straight line
51
How are the sun, the earth and the moon aligned for a neap tide
sun earth moon 90 degree angle
52
What does the phase of the moon you see depend on
Depends on the positions of the moon earth and the sun relative to each other
53
When does a new moon occur
When the moon is between the earth and the sun
54
How many phases of the moon are there
8 phases
55
What is the definition of waxing phases
The illuminated portion that we see appears larger each night
56
What is the definition of waning phases
After a full moon, the illuminated part appears to get smaller as the nights go on
57
What are the moon phase names
``` New Waxing crescent 1st Quarter Waxing gibbous Full Waning gibbous 3rd Quarter Waning crescent ```
58
Where is the word month derived from
Derived from the same root word as moon
59
How is the earth, Moon, and the sun aligned during a solar eclipse
Sun -> Moon -> Earth
60
what is an umbra
The shadow where a total eclipse will happen and the darkest point of the shadow from the moon to earth
61
What is a penumbra
A parshall eclipse caused by a lighter shadow where the moon is blocking out the sun
62
How is the earth, Moon, and the sun aligned during a lunar eclipse
Sun -> Earth -> Moon
63
How are the depressions on the moon formed
Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets
64
are there mountains on the moon
Yes
65
which side of the moon is thicker
The dark side of the moon
66
Is the mantel of the moon a solid or a liquid
Solid
67
What did the clementine spacecraft do (2 things)
Confirmed thickness of crust on moon | Gave info on mineral content on moon rocks
68
What did the lunar prospector do (3 things)
Took photo of surface Confirmed iron rich core Collected evidence of water-ice on moon
69
What is the giant impact theory
Mars side object collided with earth and when this happened debris was thrown into orbit which condensed into a large mass known as the moon

physical science (5 decks)

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