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physical science > Chapter 29 > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A round, three dimensional object, the surface of which is the same distance from the center in all directions

A

Sphere

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2
Q

An elongated, closed curve with two foci.

A

Ellipse

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3
Q

Is earth a perfect sphere

A

NO, The equator is longer than the length from pole to pole

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4
Q

What are some of the aintient observations to prove that the earth is a sphere

A

Gravity
luner Eclipse
Diffrent stars

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5
Q

A 15 Degrees wide area in which the time is the same

A

Time Zone

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6
Q

The spining of earth on its axis

A

Rotation

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7
Q

The motion of earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

A

Revolution

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8
Q

defined as the plane of earths orbit around the sun

A

Ecliptic

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9
Q

occurs when earths rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun

A

Solstice

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10
Q

when Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of earths to the center of the sun

A

Equinox

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11
Q

Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?

A

Babylonians

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12
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from?

A

Babylonian symbol of the sun

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13
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one day?

A

360 degrees

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14
Q

How many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation?

A

24 hours to spin 360 degrees

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15
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?

A

15 degrees

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16
Q

What direction does the sun rise?

A

East

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17
Q

What direction does the sun set?

A

West

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18
Q

True or false. All time zones are the exact same size

A

False, They are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites

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19
Q

How many time zones are in the world?

A

24

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20
Q

Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?

A

East

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21
Q

What direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?

A

West

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22
Q

How many time zones are there in the United States?

A

6

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23
Q

What are the names of the time zones?

A 
Atlantic/Alaskan Time
Pacific Time
Mountain Time
Central Time
Eastern Time
Hawaiian Time
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24
Q

What is solar day?

A

Noon-Noon

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25
Q

What is a sidereal day?

A

earth rotates based on a star

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26
Q

What are the two main reasons for seasons?

A

Earths tilt and how close we are to the sun

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27
Q

Which 2 seasons have a solstice?

A

Summer and winter

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28
Q

Which month is the summer solstice?

A

June 21st

29
Q

Which month is the winter solstice?

A

December 21st

30
Q

Which two seasons are equinoxes?

A

Spring and fall

31
Q

Which month is the spring equinox?

A

March 20th or 21st

32
Q

Which month is the fall equinox?

A

September 22nd or 23rd

33
Q

When is the longest day of the year

A

June 21st

34
Q

When is the shortest day of the year?

A

December 21st

35
Q

When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night

A

March and September equinoxes

36
Q

A Rise Or Fall In The Ocean Surface

A

Tide

37
Q

Reflects The Change In appearance Of The Moon As Seen From Earth

A

Moon Phase

38
Q

Occurs When The Moon Moves Directly Between The Sun And Earth And Casts A Shadow On Earth

A

Solar Eclipse

39
Q

Occurs When Earth Passes Between The Sun And The Moon And Casts A Shadow On The Moon

A

Lunar Eclipse

40
Q

The Dark-Colored, Flat, Lava-Filled Regions On The Moon’s Surface

A

Maria

41
Q

A Layer of Dusty Lunar Material Produced By Collisions Between Asteroids And Comets And The Moon

A

Regolith

42
Q

How Many Days Does It Take The Moon To Revolve Around Earth

A

27.3 days

43
Q

A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, What is this called?

A

Synodic month

44
Q

Do we ever see the back side of the moon

A

NO

45
Q

what causes a tide to rise or fall

A

Gravitational pulls of the moon and the sun

46
Q

What is the rise of sea level called

A

High tide

47
Q

After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level to drop

A

6 hours later

48
Q

Which Is farther from earth, The sun or the moon

A

The Sun

49
Q

Does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on earth’s tides

A

The Moon

50
Q

How are the sun, the earth and the moon aligned for a spring tide

A

The sun the earth the moon are aligned in a straight line

51
Q

How are the sun, the earth and the moon aligned for a neap tide

A

sun earth moon 90 degree angle

52
Q

What does the phase of the moon you see depend on

A

Depends on the positions of the moon earth and the sun relative to each other

53
Q

When does a new moon occur

A

When the moon is between the earth and the sun

54
Q

How many phases of the moon are there

A

8 phases

55
Q

What is the definition of waxing phases

A

The illuminated portion that we see appears larger each night

56
Q

What is the definition of waning phases

A

After a full moon, the illuminated part appears to get smaller as the nights go on

57
Q

What are the moon phase names

A 
New
Waxing crescent
1st Quarter
Waxing gibbous
Full
Waning gibbous
3rd Quarter
Waning crescent
58
Q

Where is the word month derived from

A

Derived from the same root word as moon

59
Q

How is the earth, Moon, and the sun aligned during a solar eclipse

A

Sun -> Moon -> Earth

60
Q

what is an umbra

A

The shadow where a total eclipse will happen and the darkest point of the shadow from the moon to earth

61
Q

What is a penumbra

A

A parshall eclipse caused by a lighter shadow where the moon is blocking out the sun

62
Q

How is the earth, Moon, and the sun aligned during a lunar eclipse

A

Sun -> Earth -> Moon

63
Q

How are the depressions on the moon formed

A

Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets

64
Q

are there mountains on the moon

A

Yes

65
Q

which side of the moon is thicker

A

The dark side of the moon

66
Q

Is the mantel of the moon a solid or a liquid

A

Solid

67
Q

What did the clementine spacecraft do (2 things)

A

Confirmed thickness of crust on moon

Gave info on mineral content on moon rocks

68
Q

What did the lunar prospector do (3 things)

A

Took photo of surface
Confirmed iron rich core
Collected evidence of water-ice on moon

69
Q

What is the giant impact theory

A

Mars side object collided with earth and when this happened debris was thrown into orbit which condensed into a large mass known as the moon

physical science (5 decks)

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