Ch 25.3 and 25.4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the boundary that marks a density change between layers?

A

Discontinuities

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2
Q

how can discontinuities be identified

A

seismic wavers

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3
Q

What are shadow zones

A

Where no seismic waves are reported

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4
Q

What is another name for shadow zones

A

Dead Zone

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5
Q

Between which two degrees to shadow zones fall

A

105-140 degrees

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6
Q

is the outer core solid or liquid

A

it is a liquid

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7
Q

is the inner core a solid or liquid? and why?

A

Solid because of the pressure

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8
Q

What makes up the lithosphere

A

The crust and the upper most mantle

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9
Q

what is the asthenosphere

A

A plastic like layer that the earth plates move on

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10
Q

Which elements make up the mantle

A

Calcium Aluminum Iron and Magnesium

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11
Q

what materials and the cores made of?

A

Iron and Nickle

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12
Q

the measure of fluid’s resistance to flow

A

viscosity

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13
Q

Tend to be small, have heights in the hundreds of meters range, and have short eruption cycles

A

Cinder cone volcanoes

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14
Q

Broad, flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows

A

Shield volcanoes

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15
Q

Are large and steep-sided, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometres across the base, and composed of layers of both lava and ash

A

Composite volcanoes

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16
Q

The chemical compound silicon dioxide which is a common ingredient in most magma

17
Q

what is molten or liquid rock stored inside earth?

18
Q

where is the ring of fire located

A

The pacific ocean

19
Q

What is created when tectonic plates collide along a subduction zone

20
Q

What are two specific examples of volcanic activity due to divergence

A

Mid Atlantic ridge

East African Rift

21
Q

Are hot spots stationary

22
Q

What is created by hot spots

A

Islands “Hawaii”

23
Q

If a liquid has a higher viscosity will it flow quickly or slowly

24
Q

If magma has high viscosity will it contain more or less silica

25
What is pyroclastic material
Any solid material that erupts from a volcano
26
What is the smallest pyroclastic material
Ash
27
What are the largest pyroclastic material
Blocks and bombs
28
What are the types of gasses that erupt from volcanoes
Water vapor Carbon Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide
29
How are volcanoes classified
Size Shape Materials that erupt
30
What are the three types of volcanoes
Cinder cone Shield Deposit