Ch 25.3 and 25.4 Flashcards
What is the boundary that marks a density change between layers?
Discontinuities
how can discontinuities be identified
seismic wavers
What are shadow zones
Where no seismic waves are reported
What is another name for shadow zones
Dead Zone
Between which two degrees to shadow zones fall
105-140 degrees
is the outer core solid or liquid
it is a liquid
is the inner core a solid or liquid? and why?
Solid because of the pressure
What makes up the lithosphere
The crust and the upper most mantle
what is the asthenosphere
A plastic like layer that the earth plates move on
Which elements make up the mantle
Calcium Aluminum Iron and Magnesium
what materials and the cores made of?
Iron and Nickle
the measure of fluid’s resistance to flow
viscosity
Tend to be small, have heights in the hundreds of meters range, and have short eruption cycles
Cinder cone volcanoes
Broad, flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows
Shield volcanoes
Are large and steep-sided, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometres across the base, and composed of layers of both lava and ash
Composite volcanoes
The chemical compound silicon dioxide which is a common ingredient in most magma
Silica
what is molten or liquid rock stored inside earth?
magma
where is the ring of fire located
The pacific ocean
What is created when tectonic plates collide along a subduction zone
Volcanoes
What are two specific examples of volcanic activity due to divergence
Mid Atlantic ridge
East African Rift
Are hot spots stationary
Yes
What is created by hot spots
Islands “Hawaii”
If a liquid has a higher viscosity will it flow quickly or slowly
Slowly
If magma has high viscosity will it contain more or less silica
more
What is pyroclastic material
Any solid material that erupts from a volcano
What is the smallest pyroclastic material
Ash
What are the largest pyroclastic material
Blocks and bombs
What are the types of gasses that erupt from volcanoes
Water vapor
Carbon Dioxide
Sulfur Dioxide
How are volcanoes classified
Size
Shape
Materials that erupt
What are the three types of volcanoes
Cinder cone
Shield
Deposit
