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Physical Science > Chapter 29 > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Flashcards

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1
Q

round, three dimensional object the surface f which is the same distance from the center in all directions

A

Sphere

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2
Q

an elongated, and comets

A

Ellipse

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3
Q

Is earth a perfect sphere?

A

No because the diameter is a little bit longer than the high of Earth

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4
Q

What are some acenched observation that the Earth is round?

A

Objects fall straight down, shadow of Earth on the moon, in every part of the world we seen different stars

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5
Q

What are two things that affect gravitational forces?

A

One with bigger mass if they are the same distance apart

the one that is closer will have a greater gravitational pull

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6
Q

What does the magnetic field do for earth?

A

It protects us from harmful solar radiation

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7
Q

Which magnetic pole is in the northern hemisphere?

A

South magnetic pole

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8
Q

what degrees is earth axis tilted at ?

A

11.7 degrees

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9
Q

What is the flipping of the north and south magnetic pole

A

Magnetic reversals

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10
Q

How often do magnetic changes occur

A

200,000 years

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11
Q

When was the last one that occurred?

A

780,000 years ago

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12
Q

What is a magnetosphere?

A

deflects harmful radiation from the sun

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13
Q

How do auroras get created?

A

From electrically- charged particles collide with atoms in the atmosphere and emit light

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14
Q

What are the northern and southern lights?

A

Northern- Borealis

Southern- Australis

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15
Q

When is Earth closes to the sun?

A

early January which is about 147 million km away

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16
Q

When is the sun farthest away

A

Early July about 152 million km away

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17
Q

Is an area 15 degrees wide in which the time is the same

A

Time zone

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18
Q

The spinning of Earth on is´s axis

A

Rotation

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19
Q

Is the motion of Earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

A

Revolution

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20
Q

Is defined as the plane of Earths orbit around the sun

A

Ecliptic

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21
Q

Occurs when Earths rotational axis is tilted directly toward the Sun or away from the sun

A

Solstice

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22
Q

Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn drawn from the center of Earth to the center of the sun

A

Equinox

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23
Q

is a rise or fall in the ocean surface

A

Tide

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24
Q

Reflects the change in appearance of the moon as seen from Earth

A

moon phase

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25
Q

Occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow on Earth

A

solar eclipse

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26
Q

Occurs when Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon and casts a shadow on the Moon

A

lunar eclipse

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27
Q

These cracks became conduits for lava, which erupted and filled in the craters creating surface features

A

maria

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28
Q

Is a layer of dusty lunar material produced by collisions between asteroids and comets

A

regolith

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29
Q

Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?

A

Babylonians

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30
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from?

A

The Babylonian symbol for the sun

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31
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one day?

A

360 degrees

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32
Q

How many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation?

A

24 hours

33
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?

A

15 degrees

34
Q

What direction does the sun rise?

A

East

35
Q

What direction does the sun set?

A

West

36
Q

True or false. All time zones are the exact same size?

A

False, they are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites.

37
Q

How many time zones are there in the world?

A

24 time zones

38
Q

Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?

A

East

39
Q

Which direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?

A

West

40
Q

How many time zones are there in the United States?

A

6 time zones

41
Q

What are the names of the time zones?

A 
Mountain time zone
Eastern time zone
Pacific time zone
Alaskan time zone
Central time zone
Hawaiian time zone
42
Q

What is a solar day?

A

The earth’s rotation from the sun in the sky from noon one day to noon the next day.

43
Q

What is a sidereal day?

A

When a certain star rises above the horizon until that same star rises again

44
Q

What are the two main reasons for seasons?

A

The axis tilt and how close earth is to the sun

45
Q

Which 2 seasons have a solstice?

A

Summer and Winter

46
Q

Which month is the summer solstice?

A

June

47
Q

Which month is the winter solstice?

A

December

48
Q

Which two seasons are equinoxes?

A

Spring and fall

49
Q

Which month is the spring equinox?

A

March

50
Q

Which month is the fall equinox?

A

September

51
Q

When is the longest day of the year?

A

During the Summer Solstice

52
Q

When is the shortest day of the year?

A

During the Winter Solstice

53
Q

When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night?

A

During the spring equinox and during the fall equinox

54
Q

How many days does it take the moon to revolve around Earth?

A

27.3 days

55
Q

A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called?

A

Synodic month

56
Q

Do we ever see the back side of the moon?

A

No, we do not see the back side we just see one side

57
Q

What causes a tide to rise or fall?

A

The gravitational pull of the sun and the moon

58
Q

After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level drop?

A

about 6 hours

59
Q

Which is father from Earth, the sun or the moon?

A

Sun

60
Q

Does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on Earths tides?

A

Moon

61
Q

How are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a spring tide?

A

The sun, the earth, and the moon are in straight line

62
Q

How are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a neap tide?

A

90 degree angles

63
Q

What does the phase of the moon you see depend on?

A

Positions of the moon, Earth, and the sun relative to one another

64
Q

When does the new moon occur?

A

Occurs when the moon is between the earth and the sun

65
Q

How many phase of the moon are there?

A

8 phases of the moon

66
Q

What is the definition of waxing phases?

A

the illuminated portion of the moon becomes greater and greater each night

67
Q

What is the definition of waning phases?

A

when we see the moon get less and less illuminated

68
Q

What are the moon phases names?

A 
new Moon.
waxing crescent Moon.
first quarter Moon.
waxing gibbous Moon.
full Moon.
waning gibbous Moon.
last quarter Moon.
waning crescent Moon.
69
Q

Where is the word month derived from?

A

Comes from the root word moon

70
Q

How is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a solar eclipse?

A

When the moon moves directly between the sun and the Earth

71
Q

What is an umbra?

A

The darkest portion of the moon shadow

72
Q

What is a penumbera?

A

A partial shadow of the moon that is casted on Earth

73
Q

How is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a lunar eclipse?

A

The earth is between the sun and moon

74
Q

How are the depressions on the moon formed?

A

by meteorites, asteroids, and comets

75
Q

Are there mountains on the moon?

A

Yes

76
Q

Which side of the moon is thicker?

A

The side that doesn’t show

77
Q

Is the mantle of the moon a solid or a liquid?

A

Solid

78
Q

What did the lunar Prospector do?

A

Took photos of the moons surface, comfired the moon has a small iron rich core, collected evidence that supports the presence of water- ice on the moon

79
Q

What is the Giant Impact Theory?

A

A mars size object hit earth that caused debis to hit which continued into large mass known the the moon

Physical Science (10 decks)

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