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Physical Science > 28 chapter > Flashcards

28 chapter Flashcards

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1
Q

A layer extending an average of 12 km above Earth’s surface

A

Troposphere

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2
Q

Occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable

A

Temperature Inversion

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3
Q

a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a plant as they absorb and emit infrared radiation

A

Greenhouse Effect

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4
Q

How are the earth’s atmospheric divided?

A

Based on differences in composition and temperature

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5
Q

What gas makes up the most of Earths atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen- 78%

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6
Q

What is the second most abundant gas found in the atmosphere?

A

H2O- 21%

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7
Q

What is the 1% of the gases called?

A

Trace gases

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8
Q

In the troposphere does the temperature increase or decease with altitude.

A

It decreases

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9
Q

what are the names of the five layers starting to the close earth surface going up?

A

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Troposphere, Exosphere

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10
Q

Which layer is the ozone layer in?

A

Stratosphere

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11
Q

Does the temperature increase or deceases within the stratosphere ?

A

Increases

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12
Q

Does temperature increase or decrease within the mesosphere?

A

It decreases until it gets to a higher level then starts to increase

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13
Q

Does the troposphere and the exosphere impact weather

A

no

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14
Q

Where does 100% of our solar radiation come form?

A

Sun

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15
Q

what % of radiation absorbed by Earth Surface?

A

50%

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16
Q

What % is reflected off of Earths surface?

A

5%

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17
Q

What % of solar radiation is absorbed by partials in the atmosphere

A

20%

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18
Q

What % of solar radiation is reflected off of by partials in the atmosphere?

A

25%

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19
Q

What are the three basic cloud types?

A

Stratus, cumulus, cirrus

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20
Q

Explain Stratus clouds?

A

There are layered sheet like cloud, and associated with rain

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21
Q

What are cumulus clouds?

A

Nice puffy clouds and occur in fair weather

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22
Q

Explain cirrus cloud?

A

They are wispy, high-altitude clouds

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23
Q

What are the processes were water from the land enters the atmosphere and eventually falls back to the land.

A

Water Cycle

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24
Q

What are all the the steps to the water cycle.

A

Evaporation condensation, and precipitation.

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25
Q

Apparent deflection of an object due to Earth’s rotation.

A

Coriolis Effect

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26
Q

Is a narrow band of fast-moving, high-altitude air.

A

Jet Stream

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27
Q

A large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout.

A

Air Mass

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28
Q

Air masses interact in zone.

A

Weather fronts

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29
Q

How many jet streams are in the world

A

There are 4

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30
Q

How many pressure systems are there?

A

2, low pressure, high pressure system

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31
Q

What is the low pressure system also know as?

A

a Low (L)

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32
Q

Which does a low pressure flow?

A

Counter clockwise

33
Q

What are some results of a low pressure system?

A

air rises, clouds form, and create precipitation

34
Q

What is a high pressure also know as?

A

a High (H)

35
Q

What do high pressures cause?

A

Causing the air to sink, which results in clear skies

36
Q

which direction does pressure flow?

A

High pressure flow clockwise

37
Q

What are the four weather fronts?

A

Cold front, warm front, stationary front, occluded front

38
Q

what causes a cold front?

A

cold air that forces warm air up and forms cumulus clouds

39
Q

What is a cold front represented by on the news?

A

Represented by the blue triangles

40
Q

How are warm fronts formed?

A

warm air rise gently above cold air

41
Q

What is the warm front represented by on the news?

A

Half circles

42
Q

How are stationary fronts formed?

A

They are formed by cold air and warm air meeting together

43
Q

How are the stationary represented on the news?

A

by half red circles and a blue triangle

44
Q

How are occluded fronts created

A

fast moving cold front takes over a slow moving warm front

45
Q

How are occluded represented on the news?

A

with purple triangles and half circles

46
Q

A climate that is strongly affected by an ocean

A

Maritime climate

47
Q

A climate that is not directly affected by an ocean

A

Continental climate

48
Q

Blows from over the water toward land

A

Sea breeze

49
Q

Long-term average of weather conditions

A

Climate

50
Q

Day to day outside condition

A

Weather

51
Q

What are the five sphere for earths system ?

A

Atmosphere, Cryosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere

52
Q

What is the atmosphere?

A

includes the air around us

53
Q

The biosphere?

A

is everything organic

54
Q

The hydrosphere?

A

is liquid water

55
Q

The cryosphere?

A

is frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers

56
Q

The lithosphere?

A

is Earth’s outermost layer

57
Q

What is the primary factor that influences climate?

A

Latitude

58
Q

Where is the solar rotation most intense on Earth?

A

Equator

59
Q

At what degrees do the sun rays hit earth surface at the tropic zone?

A

90 degrees

60
Q

At what degrees does the sun rays hit earth surface at the temperate zone?

A

45 degrees

61
Q

What degrees do the sun rays hit the polar zones?

A

30 degrees

62
Q

What zone are we located in?

A

Temperate zone

63
Q

What other factors determinate climate?

A

Precipitation, mountains, water

64
Q

What is the windward side on a mountain range?

A

Air is cool and wet and a lot of vegetation

65
Q

What is it like on the leeward side?

A

Warm and dry and little to no vegetation

66
Q

What is a land breeze?

A

Air form the land goes to the water

67
Q

Which climate zone and which type of vegetation does Colorado have?

A

Warm and semi-arid and grassland

68
Q

An increase in the average temperature of Earth’s near-surface air and oceans

A

Global Warning

69
Q

is the warming of the Pacific Ocean off the coast of western South America that occurs every 3 to 10 years

A

El Nino

70
Q

which occurs when trade winds in the Pacific are unusually strong and surface water is colder than normal

A

La Nina

71
Q

How do seasonal changes happen?

A

They move around the sun

72
Q

Which hemisphere is in the summer?

A

They one that is tilled towards the sun

73
Q

What is the period of time where the earth was covered in ice?

A

Ice age

74
Q

How long ago did the world reach its current pattern?

A

about three million years ago

75
Q

What are some factors that cause climate change?

A

the tilt of the earth’s axis and rotation, the shape of its orbit, and the timing of seasons

76
Q

How do humans create a climate change?

A

energy consumption, deforestation, and industrial and agricultural practice

77
Q

What is deforestation?

A

is the clearing of large areas of forest land

78
Q

How does deforestation caused climate in increase?

A

We relay on trees, and they remove the carbon dioxide

Physical Science (10 decks)

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