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Physical Science > Chapter 28.1.2.3 > Flashcards

Chapter 28.1.2.3 Flashcards

1
Q

A layer extending an average of 12 km above Earth’s surface

A

Troposhere

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2
Q

This occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and air becomes stable

A

temperature inversion

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3
Q

Is a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as they absorb and emit infrared radiation

A

greenhouse effect

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4
Q

How are the atmospheres divided into their layers?

A

Based on differences in composition and temperature

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5
Q

What is the atmosphere mainly made out of

A

Nitrogen ( 78%)

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6
Q

What is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

A

Oxygen (21%)

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7
Q

What is the one remaining percentage of gasses in atmosphere is called?

A

Trace gasses ( Majority is Argon)

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8
Q

Within the troposphere, does the temperature decrease or increase with altitude?

A

Decrease

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9
Q

How many layers are there in the atmosphere?

A

Five

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10
Q

What are the names of those layers?

A 
(Closest to farthest )
Troposphere
stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
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11
Q

Which layer is the ozone found in ?

A

Stratosphere layer

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12
Q

In the stratosphere does the temperature decrease or increase with altitude?

A

It increases

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13
Q

In the mesosphere does the temperature decrease or increase with altitude?

A

It decrease in the lower parts of the mesosphere and the higher spots increases

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14
Q

Does the thermosphere and exosphere impact weather??

A

No because its in outer space

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15
Q

What percentage of solar radiation gets absorbed by earth’s surface?

A

50%

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16
Q

What percentage of solar radiation is reflected off of Earth’s surface?

A

5%

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17
Q

What percentage of solar radiation is absorb by particles in the atmosphere?

A

20%

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18
Q

What percentage of solar radiation is reflected off the particles of the atmosphere?

A

25%

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19
Q

What are the three basic clouds types?

A

Stratus, cumulus, and cirrus

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20
Q

Described stratus clouds

A

Sheet like clouds associated with rain

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21
Q

Described cumulus clouds

A

Are puffy in shape and occur in fair weather

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22
Q

Described cirrus clouds

A

Are wispy, high altitude in clouds

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23
Q

What is the process called where water leaves land and enters the atmosphere and comes back to land?

A

The water cycle

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24
Q

What are the steps to the water cycle?

A 
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Runoff
infiltration
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25
How many jet streams are there in the world?
4 jet streams
26
How many pressure system are there?
2 ' Low pressure system High pressure system
27
The apparent deflection of an object due to Earth's rotation is called
Coriolis Effect
28
A narrow band of fast moving, high altitude air
Jet steam
29
A large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout
Air mass
30
Air masses interact in zones
Weather front
31
What is a ;ow pressure also known as?
Low (L)
32
Which direction does a low pressure air flows?
Counterclockwise
33
What are some results of a low pressure system?
since air rises, clouds will form and precipitation happens
34
What is high pressure also know as ?
High ( H )
35
Which direction does high pressure air flow?
Clockwise
36
What do high pressure system to cause?
The air to sink, which results in clear skies
37
What are the 4 weather fronts?
Cold front warm front stationary front occluded front
38
How are cold fronts created?
Cold air forced warm air upward in a fast and chaotic manner
39
What represents a cold front on a weather forecast?
Blue triangles,
40
How are warm fronts created?
Warm air rises gently above cold air
41
What represents a warm front on the weather forecast?
Red semi circles
42
How are stationary fronts created?
Cold and warm air masses meet and neither front advanced
43
What represents stationary fronts on weather forecast?
Semi circle and triangle alternating q
44
How are occluded fronts created?
A fast moving cold front overtakes a slow warm front
45
What represents occluded front on a weather forecast news?
Purple triangle and semicircle on one side
46
A climate that is strongly affected by an ocean
Maritime climate
47
A climate that is not directly affected by an ocean is called
continental climate
48
What blows from over the water towards land in the afternoon, when the land is warmer than the water pressure
sea breeze
49
What is climate?
A long term average of weather conditions
50
What is weather?
Day day outside conditions
51
What are the 5 sphere that makes up earth's system?
``` Atmosphere Cryosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere ```
52
atmosphere?
Included the air around us
53
Biosphere
Is everything organic
54
Hydrosphere
Liquid water
55
Crysphere
Frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers
56
Lithosphere
Earth's outermost layer
57
What is primary factor that influences climate at a given location?
Latitude
58
At which location does earth receive the most intense solar radiation?
The equator and it decreases towards the pole
59
At what degrees does the sun rays hit earth on the tropic zone?
90 degrees
60
Which degrees does the sun rays hit the earth surface in the temperate zone ?
45 degrees
61
What degrees does the sun rays hit earth's surface in the polar zones?
30 degrees
62
What factors determine climate?
Precipitation Mountains Water
63
What is it like on the windward side on a mountain?
the air is cool and wet and there is a lot of vegetation
64
What is it like on the leeward side of the mountain?
The air is warm and dry and little to no vegetation
65
What is land breeze?
Air blowing to land on water and it happens during night
66
In lamar colorado what type climate zone are we in and what type of vegetation?
Warm semi-arid | Grassland
67
Is the opposite of el nino, which occurs when trade winds in the Pacific are unusually strong and surface water is colder than normal.
La nina
68
Is the warning of the pacific ocean off the coast of western south america that occurs every 3 to 10 years
El nino
69
An increase in the average temperatures of Earth's surface near-surface air and oceans is called
Global warming
70
What are the two changes that earth's climate undergo?
Seasonal and long term
71
How do seasonal changes happen?
They happen due to earth revolves around the sun
72
In general, which hemisphere is in summer?
Tilted towards the sun
73
What period of time , where earth's surface was covered in ice?
Ice age
74
How long ago did the world's climate reached it current pattern?
3,000 years ago
75
What are some factors that can change climate?
The tilt of earth's axis The shape of orbit distances from the sun
76
How do humans effect climate?
Deforestation agricultural practice industrial
77
What is deforestation?
Clearing a large area of trees
78
What are two ways that carbon cycle is affected?
Deforestation and loss of vegetation

Physical Science (6 decks)

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