Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Exam #4 > Chapter 28 : Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 28 : Reproductive System Flashcards

0
Q

what are the two parts of the ovary we need to know?

A

cortex and medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

what is the job of the ovaries?

A

produce oocytes

make estrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is oogenisis?

A

ovum production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the ovarian cycle?

A

oogenesis that occurs in a 28-30 day cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two phases of oogenesis?

A

follicular phase

luteal phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is involved in the follicular phase?

A
  • growth of egg cell and surrounding follicular cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how long does the follicular phase last?

A

about 14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what hormone is related to the follicular phase?

A

estrogen (high output from day 7-14)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is ovulation?

A

oocyte leaves follicle and enters Fallopian tube.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are oocytes called before they being to grow at all?

A

primordial oocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the oocyte called when it first beings to grow?

A

primary follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the oocyte called before ovulation and what surrounds it?

A

primary oocyte, follicular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what kind of fluid form around the oocyte before it is ready for ovualtion?

A

follicular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the parts of the uterine tube?

A

infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus
uterine part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is involved in the luteal phase?

A

post-ovulation period when the corpus luteum is active.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how long does the luteal phase last?

A

about 14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when does ovulation occur?

A

at day 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what hormone is related to the luteal phase?

A

progesterone (high output from day 15-24)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what structures are present in the luteal phase?

A

corpus luteum

corpus albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the fingerlike projections at the beginning of the uterine tubes called that aid the oocyte into the uterine tube?

A

fimbriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the top portion of the uterus called?

A

fundus of uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the large portion of the uterus called?

A

body of the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the narrowing at the bottom of the uterus called?

A

isthmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the layers of the wall of the uterus?

A

endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the parts of the cervix?

A

internal os
cervical canal
external os

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

during the uterine cycle, what layer of the uterus experiences changes in response to hormonal changes?

A

endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what are the three phases of the uterine cylce?

A

menses
proliferative phase
secretory phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what happens during mensus?

A

destruction of functional zone (menstration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what happens during the proliferative phase?

A

repair and regeneration of the functional zone (rebuilding)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what occurs during the secretory phase?

A

secretion of endometrial glands (glands produce nutrients)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

the mensus and proliferative phases are related to (colder/warmer) basal body temperatures, while the secretory phase is related to (colder/warmer) basal body temperatures?

A

colder, warmer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

mensus last how many days?

A

about 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

the proliferative phase lasts how many days?

A

about 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

the secretory phase lasts how many days?

A

about 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what are the estrogen and progesterone levels like during mensus?

A

E : low

P : low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what are the estrogen and progesterone levels like during the proliferation phase?

A

E : increasing ( this is the driving force of the proliferating phase)
P : low

36
Q

what are the hormone levels like during the secretory phase?

A

E : start high, drop to a lower level

P : high (this is the driving force of the secretory phase)

37
Q

what is the function of the vagina?

A

it is a passage way for…

  • menstrual fluid
  • intercourse
  • birth canal
38
Q

What are the two triangles in the external genitalia of females?

A

urogenital triangle

anal triangle

40
Q

What makes up the external genitalia of females?

A
  • glans of clitoris
  • labia minora
  • labia majora
  • vaginal entrance
  • vestibule
41
Q

what is the vestibule of the female genitalia?

A

it is the space between the labia minora

42
Q

what does the vestibule contain?

A
  • greater vestibular (bartholins glans) -> similar to cowpers glans in males.
43
Q

What makes up the scrotum?

A
  • skin

- superficial scrotal fascia

44
Q

approximately how many lobules are there per testis?

A

250

45
Q

where are sperm cells produced?

A

seminiferous tubule

46
Q

what is sperm production called?

A

spermatogenesis

47
Q

what are the two phases in spermatogenesis?

A
  • genetic material halved

- spermiogenesis

48
Q

germ cells that are the origin of sperm cells and are diploid are called what?

A

spermatogonia

49
Q

what process do spermatogonia cells go through to become sperm cells?

A

meiosis

50
Q

What are the spermatogonia cells called after they go through meiosis?

A

spermatids

51
Q

what happens during spermiogenesis?

A

morphological changes that are needed to form sperm that will be motile

52
Q

What are the regulatory cells that lie in the tissue between the seminiferous tubules?

A

interstitial cells

53
Q

what do interstitial cells make?

A

testosterone

54
Q

__ is used for the storage and protection as spermatozoa matures

A

epididymus

55
Q

__ means acquiring the ability to swim or move

A

capacitation

56
Q

where does capacitation occur?

A

epididymus

57
Q

what are the parts of the epididymus?

A
  • head, body, and tail of the epididymus
58
Q

__ is used for the transporting of spermatozoa from the edididymus to the urethra during ejaculation.

A

ductus (Vas) deferens

59
Q

what is the order of transport for sperm to leave that body?

A
  • end of ductus deferens (ampulla)
  • ejaculatory duct
  • urethra
60
Q

what are the parts of the male urethra?

A

prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
spongy urethra

61
Q

__ is where the ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle come together.

A

ejaculatory duct

62
Q

what are the accessory organs of the male reproductive system?

A
  • seminal vesicle
  • prostate gland
  • bulbourethral (cowper’s) gland
63
Q

seminal vesicles generate how much of the volume of semen?

A

60%

64
Q

what do the seminal vesicles produce?

A

seminal fluid

65
Q

what does seminal fluid contain?

A

fructose
prostaglandins
= slightly alkaline

66
Q

what is the function of fructose in seminal fluid?

A

energy source for sperm cells

67
Q

what is the function of prostaglandins in seminal fluid?

A
  • suppress immune response by females

- stimulates smooth muscle contraction in male and female reproductive tract (promotes widening of cervical os

68
Q

where is the prostate gland found?

A

surrounding the proximal urethra

69
Q

the prostate gland makes up __% of the volume of semen.

A

about 25

70
Q

what does the prostate gland produce?

A

prostatic fluid

71
Q

what does prostatic fluid look like?

A

milky

72
Q

what does prostatic fluid contain?

A
  • citrate
  • seminalplasmin
  • prostate-specific antigen
73
Q

what is the function of citrate in prostatic fluid?

A

nutrient source for sperm cells

74
Q

what is the function of seminalplasmin in prostatic fluid?

A

antibiotic

75
Q

what is the purpose of prostate-specific antigen in prostatic fluid?

A

has PSA enzyme that helps liquify semen following ejaculation.

76
Q

___ is the increase in size of the prostate gland.

A

prostate heterotrophy

77
Q

what can prostate heterotrophy lead to?

A

cancer, but is usually normal to and extent as men age

78
Q

what does the bulbourethral gland produce and what is its purpose?

A
  • thick, alkaline mucus

- to protect urethral lining, lubricates glans, neutralizes vaginal environment.

79
Q

how much semen is typically produced during a single ejaculation?

A

2-5 mL (teaspoon)

80
Q

what does semen contain?

A
  • sperm from seminiferous tubules in testes

- seminal fluid

81
Q

where does seminal fluid come from?

A
  • seminal vesicle
  • prostate gland
  • bulbourethral glands
82
Q

what are the two external triangles in males?

A

urogenital triangle

anal triangle

83
Q

what is the shaft (body) of the penis dominated by?

A

spongy erectile tissue

84
Q

what makes up the spongy erectile tissue?

A
  • corpora cavernosa (2)

- corpus spongiosum (1)

85
Q

where are the central arteries in the penis found?

A

down the middle of each of the corpora cavernosa

86
Q

what helps dilate the arteries in the penis

A

NO

87
Q

what are the parts of the penis?

A
  • root
  • body
  • glans of the penis
88
Q

what makes up the urogenital triangle?

A

ischial tuberositys and the public symphysis

Anatomy Exam #4 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions