Chapter 25 : Repiratory System

Question 0

What makes up the lower respiratory system?

Answer 0

Larynx
trachea
bronchial tree
alveoli

Question 1

What makes up the upper respiratory system?

Answer 1

nose
nasal cavity
sinuses 
oral cavity
pharynx

Question 2

What are the parts of the pharynx?

Answer 2

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

Question 3

What are the sinuses of the upper respiratory system?

Answer 3

Frontal sinus
sphenoidal sinus
ethmoidal sinus
maxillary sinus

Question 4

what is usually referred to as the voice box?

Answer 4

Larynx

Question 5

____ is a ligament with a mucus membrane covering.

Answer 5

Folds

Question 6

__ is a kind of epithelial tissue that lines the trachea.

Answer 6

pseudostratified columnar

Question 7

___ is the process of ridding the respiratory tract of “bad stuff” and moving it up to either be swallowed or coughed out.

Answer 7

mucociliary escalator

Question 8

What in the bronchial tree has smooth muscle?

Answer 8

bronchioles

Question 9

What is the order of the bronchial tree?

Answer 9

bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli

Question 10

What happens during an asthma attack?

Answer 10

1. contraction of smooth muscle
2. swollen submucosa
3. extra mucus secretion
4. narrowed passageway

Question 11

What are air sacs with a capillary bed surrounding them?

Answer 11

alveoli

Question 12

The right lung has __ lobes and the left lung has __ lobes.

Answer 12

3

2

Question 13

___ is the membrane that surrounds the lungs.

Answer 13

Parietal Pleura

Question 14

What are the layers of the Pleura?

Answer 14

Parietal
Pleura Caivity/space filled with fluid
visceral

Question 15

Inflammation or infection of the lungs is called what?

Answer 15

pleuritis / pleurisy

Question 16

__ is a collapsed lung.

Answer 16

Atelectasis

Question 17

what causes ateleasis?

Answer 17

1. obstruction of respiratory passageway
2. compression of lung by invasion of thoracic space
3. loss of contact bt parietal and visceral pleura

Question 18

Air in the pleural space is called what?

Answer 18

pneumothorax

Question 19

Atelectasis occurs after or before a pneumothorax?

Answer 19

after

Question 20

Blood entering the pleural space is called what?

Answer 20

hemothorax

Question 21

__ is exchange of gas between atmosphere and body cells.

Answer 21

respiration

Question 22

what events occur during respiration?

Answer 22

1. pulmonary ventilation
2. external respiration
3. transport of gases in blood lungs to body tissues
4. internal respiration

Question 23

What is the driving force of air flow?

Answer 23

pressure

Question 24

__ says pressure of gas is inversely proportional to volume of the container.

Answer 24

boyle's law

Question 25

you can alter pressure in the body by doing what?

Answer 25

changing the volume of the lungs

Question 26

when do the lungs expand?

Answer 26

P (outside) > P (inside)

Question 27

__ (elasticity) of the lungs must be good for this mechanism to work well.

Answer 27

Compliance

Question 28

what muscles are used in normal inhalation?

Answer 28

diaphragm | external intercostals

Question 29

what muscles are used in deep breathing?

Answer 29

diaphragm external intercostals ** pectoralis minor ** scalene muscles

Question 30

what muscles are used in forced exhalation?

Answer 30

``` internal intercostals rectus abdominis (other abdominal muscles) ```

Question 31

what muscles are used in normal exhalation?

Answer 31

none | it is a passive process since it is the relaxation of muscles that forces air out

Question 32

__ is damage to terminal bronchioles and alveoli

Answer 32

Emphysema | - become less elastic