Chapter 27 : Urinary/Renal System

Question 0

how does the urinary system regulate blood?

Answer 0

regulate

• blood volume and pressure
• plasma ion concentration
• stabilizing blood pH
• conserving nutrients
• regulating red blood cell production

Question 1

What is the function of the urinary/renal system?

Answer 1

• production, storage, excretion of urine

- homeostatic regulation of blood

Question 2

Kidneys are __, meaning they sit behind the peritoneum membrane that lines the abdominal wall.

Answer 2

Retroperitoneal

Question 3

the __ is a space of the kidneys that includes the renal artery, renal veins, and the renal pelvis.

Answer 3

hilum (hilus)

Question 4

what are the regions of the kidney?

Answer 4

cortex
medulla 
renal columns 
renal pyramids
renal lobe
renal papilla

Question 5

the lighter color rim of the kidneys is called what?

Answer 5

cortex

Question 6

The inner section of the kidneys that include the triangular untis are called what?

Answer 6

medulla

Question 7

the spaces between the triangular units of the kidneys are called what?

Answer 7

renal columns

Question 8

the triangular units in the kidneys are called what?

Answer 8

renal pyramids

Question 9

units of the kidneys include a renal pyramid and some of the renal columns?

Answer 9

renal lobe

Question 10

what is the tip of the renal pyramids called?

Answer 10

renal papilla

Question 11

what is the order of the collecting system?

Answer 11

calyces (minor into the major) –> Renal pelvis –> ureter

Question 12

what is the order of the arteries through the kidneys?

Answer 12

renal artery -> segmental artery -> interlobar artery -> arcuate artery -> interlobular artery -> afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> efferent arteriole.

Question 13

What is the order of the veins through the renal system?

Answer 13

Peritubular capillaries and vasa recta -> interlobular vein -> arcuate vein -> interlobar vein -> renal vein.

Question 14

a __ is a ball shaped capillary bed

Answer 14

glomerulus

bowman’s capsule, renal corpuscle, glomerular capsule

Question 15

a __ is a long tube that is the functional unit of the kidney that makes urine.

Answer 15

nephron

Question 16

what are the parts of the nephron?

Answer 16

renal corpuscle 
proximal convoluted tubule 
nephron loop
collecting duct 
distal convoluted tubule

Question 17

what are the parts of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 17

efferent arteriole
afferent arteriole 
bowman's capsule 
glomerular capillary 
podocytes

Question 18

what in the renal corpuscle creates filtration slits and regulates what comes into and out of the capillaries?

Answer 18

podocytes

Question 19

where would are peritubular capillaries found?

Answer 19

surrounding a nephron loop

Question 20

what are the key processes of urine production?

Answer 20

filtration
reabsorbtion
secretion

Question 21

__ is the escape of blood plasma and dissolved contents from glomerulus into bowman’s capsule.

Answer 21

filtration

Question 22

___ is the reclaiming filtered items back into the blood of the peritubular capillaries.

Answer 22

reabsorption

Question 23

__ is the removal of peritubular capillaries of wastes that didnt filter out in the first place.

Answer 23

secretion

Question 24

__ is anything that doesn’t get reabsorbed into the body and is excreted.

Answer 24

urine

Question 25

what is the order of urine transport?

Answer 25

Ureters -> bladder -> Urethra -> gone

Question 26

what are the 3 layers of the ureters?

Answer 26

adventitia
muscularis
mucosa

Question 27

What are the 2 layers of the mucosa of the ureters?

Answer 27

lamina propria

transitional epithelium

Question 28

what is the function of the bladder?

Answer 28

urine storage and elimination

Question 29

what kind of muscle does the bladder have?

Answer 29

smooth and skeletal muscle

Question 30

what is the tube coming from the bottom of the bladder called?

Answer 30

urethra

Question 31

what is the smooth muscle in the bladder called?

Answer 31

internal urethra sphincter

Question 32

what is the skeletal muscle in the bladder called?

Answer 32

external urethra sphincter

Question 33

what is the muscle called that lies between the mucosa and adventiva in the bladder called?

Answer 33

detrusor muscle

Question 34

What are the parts of the male urethra?

Answer 34

prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
spongy urethra