Chapter 27 - Functional Behavior Assessment Flashcards
brief functional analysis
An analysis in which only one or two 5-10 minute sessions are conducted for each condition. A convincing demonstration of function may be achieved by either alternating a condition that produces problem behavior with one that does not or conducting a contingency reversal. ______ may reveal a functional relation in fewer sessions than a full ______.
conditional probability
The likelihood that a target behavior will occur in a given circumstance; computed by calculating (a) the proportion of occurrences of behavior that were preceded by a specific antecedent variable and (b) the proportion of occurrences of problem behavior that were followed by a specific consequence. Conditional probabilities range from 0.0 to 1.0; the closer the conditional probability is to 1.0 the stronger the relationship is between the target behavior and the antecedent/consequence variables.
contingency reversal
Exchanging the reinforcement contingencies for two topographically different responses. For example, if Behavior A results in reinforcement on an FR1 schedule of reinforcement and Behavior B results in reinforcement being withheld (extinction), a contingency reversal consists of changing the contingencies such that Behavior A now results in extinction and Behavior B results in reinforcement on an FR1 schedule.
contingency space analysis
A graphic display of the probability of one event (e.g. a particular consequence) given the occurrence (or not) of another event (e.g. the presence or absence of a particular behavior). Contingencies are considered positive (i.e., a specific consequence is more likely to occur), negative (i.e. a specific consequence is less likely to occur), or neutral (i.e. a specific consequence is neither more or less likely to occur).
descriptive functional behavior assessment
Direct observation of problem behavior and the antecedent and consequent events under naturally occurring conditions.
functional behavior assessment (FBA)
A systematic method of assessment for obtaining information about the purposes (function) a problem behavior serves for a person; results are used to guide the design of an intervention for decreasing the problem behavior and increasing appropriate behavior.
functionally equivalent
Serving the same function or purpose; different topographies of behavior are functionally equivalent if they produce the same consequences.
indirect functional assessment
Structured interviews, checklists, rating scales, or questionnaires used to obtain information from people who are familiar with the person exhibiting the problem behavior (e.g. teachers, parents, caregivers, and/or the individual themselves); used to identify conditions or events in the natural environment that correlate with the problem behavior.
interview-informed synthesized contingency analysis
A variation of functional analysis designed to increase efficiency. In the test condition, multiple contingencies are implemented simultaneously (e.g. attention and escape) when the problem behavior is demonstrated. In the control condition, those same contingencies are presented noncontingently and continuously.
latency-based functional analysis
An analysis in which each session is terminated as soon as a problem behavior occurs. The index of problem behavior is the latency from onset of the establishing operation to the first occurrence of the problem behavior.
scatterplot recording
A procedure for recording the extent to which a target behavior occurs more often at particular times than others; involves dividing the day into blocks of time, and using different symbols on an observation form to indicate the level of the target behavior (e.g., a lot, some, or not at all).
trial-based functional analysis
An analysis in which a series of trials is interspersed among classroom activities. Each trial consists of two 1-minute components: (a) an establishing operation and contingency for problem behavior (test condition), and (b) continuous access to the reinforcer (control condition).
An analysis in which only one or two 5-10 minute sessions are conducted for each condition. A convincing demonstration of function may be achieved by either alternating a condition that produces problem behavior with one that does not or conducting a contingency reversal. ______ may reveal a functional relation in fewer sessions than a full ______.
brief functional analysis
The likelihood that a target behavior will occur in a given circumstance; computed by calculating (a) the proportion of occurrences of behavior that were preceded by a specific antecedent variable and (b) the proportion of occurrences of problem behavior that were followed by a specific consequence. Conditional probabilities range from 0.0 to 1.0; the closer the conditional probability is to 1.0 the stronger the relationship is between the target behavior and the antecedent/consequence variables.
conditional probability
Exchanging the reinforcement contingencies for two topographically different responses. For example, if Behavior A results in reinforcement on an FR1 schedule of reinforcement and Behavior B results in reinforcement being withheld (extinction), a contingency reversal consists of changing the contingencies such that Behavior A now results in extinction and Behavior B results in reinforcement on an FR1 schedule.
contingency reversal
A graphic display of the probability of one event (e.g. a particular consequence) given the occurrence (or not) of another event (e.g. the presence or absence of a particular behavior). Contingencies are considered positive (i.e., a specific consequence is more likely to occur), negative (i.e. a specific consequence is less likely to occur), or neutral (i.e. a specific consequence is neither more or less likely to occur).
contingency space analysis
Direct observation of problem behavior and the antecedent and consequent events under naturally occurring conditions.
descriptive functional behavior assessment
A systematic method of assessment for obtaining information about the purposes (function) a problem behavior serves for a person; results are used to guide the design of an intervention for decreasing the problem behavior and increasing appropriate behavior.
functional behavior assessment (FBA)
Serving the same function or purpose; different topographies of behavior are functionally equivalent if they produce the same consequences.
functionally equivalent
Structured interviews, checklists, rating scales, or questionnaires used to obtain information from people who are familiar with the person exhibiting the problem behavior (e.g. teachers, parents, caregivers, and/or the individual themselves); used to identify conditions or events in the natural environment that correlate with the problem behavior.
indirect functional assessment
A variation of functional analysis designed to increase efficiency. In the test condition, multiple contingencies are implemented simultaneously (e.g. attention and escape) when the problem behavior is demonstrated. In the control condition, those same contingencies are presented noncontingently and continuously.
interview-informed synthesized contingency analysis
An analysis in which each session is terminated as soon as a problem behavior occurs. The index of problem behavior is the latency from onset of the establishing operation to the first occurrence of the problem behavior.
latency-based functional analysis
A procedure for recording the extent to which a target behavior occurs more often at particular times than others; involves dividing the day into blocks of time, and using different symbols on an observation form to indicate the level of the target behavior (e.g., a lot, some, or not at all).
scatterplot recording
An analysis in which a series of trials is interspersed among classroom activities. Each trial consists of two 1-minute components: (a) an establishing operation and contingency for problem behavior (test condition), and (b) continuous access to the reinforcer (control condition).
trial-based functional analysis
