Chapter 26 - HAZMAT PPE, DECON, Product control Flashcards
What are the 4 types of basic protective breathing equipment at hazmat?
-SCBA
-Supplied air respirators
-Air-purifying respirators
-Powered air-purifying respirators
What two types of SCBA are allowed on scenes with potential hazmat?
-Positive pressure open
-Closed circuit SCBA
(both work of tank air and do not pull air from the atmosphere)
Which style protective breathing equipment has a emergency breathing support system?
How long does it last generally?
Supplied air respirators
5,10,15 minutes worth of air
They do not supply air from a separate source and they protect only against specific contaminants at or below certain concentrations ? What is it?
APRs (Air-purifying respirators)
T or F
APRs can either be full face seal or half face
True
Wearing APRs is acceptable when these two criteria are met:
-Atmospheric conditions are completely understood
-At least 19.5% oxygen is present
Three letters are used to indicate limitations of particulate removing filters
N - ?
P - ?
R - ?
N- Not resistant to oil
P - Resistant to oil
R - Present when oil or non-oil lubricants are used (oil proof)
Which kind of breathing protection equipment is usually used at decon operations?
a. Vapor and gas removing filters
b. Combined respirators
c. Supplied air hoods
d. Powered-air purifying respirators
D. Powered- air purifying respirators (PAPRs)
They offer a greater degree of safety than APRs in case of leaks or face proof seals
Where you should you ABSOLUTELY NOT use powered-air purifying respirators?
Explosive or potentially explosive atmospheres
(they are not intrinsically safe)
When choosing any sort of PPE for any incident, what should you absolutely understand and know to stay safe?
Your PPE limitations
T or F?
Structural fire clothing is a good substitute for chemical protective clothing
False
What are the three levels of filtration for an APRs?
95%
99%
99.97%
Why are the structural fire protective equipment maybe not adequate for chemical incidents?
Where are the weaknesses on the suit?
When skin contact is potentially hazardous.
Neck, wrists, waist and boot overlap
High temperature protective clothing has two main designs, with the descriptions here, name them:
-Permits close approach to fire rescue, fire suppression and property conservation
-Allows person to work in total flame environments for short periods of time (1100 celsius)
- Proximity suits
- Fire - entry suits
What could be a few limitations of High temperature protective clothing?
- Enhanced heat stress
- Limits vision
-Limit mobility
-Limit communication
-Bulky
-Expensive
-Designated for limited exposure time
Standards distinct two separate types of chemical protective clothing, what are they?
Liquid splash-protective
Vapor- protective
REMEMBER THIS!!!
NO TYPE OF CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING PROTECTS AGAINST ALL CHEMICAL HAZARDS
T or F?
Liquid splash clothing can be encapsulating or non-encapsulating
True
What is a limitation both liquid splash protective and vapour protective have?
They trap heat
A process that occurs when a chemical passes through a fabric on a molecular level is….
Permeation - Most CPC (chemical protective clothing) have a breakthrough time
Describe the main components of Level A protection:
Positive pressure SBCA
Fully encapsulated
Describe the main components of Level B protection:
-Positive pressure SCBA
-Hooded chemical resistant clothing that meets NFPA 1992
Describe the main components of Level C protection:
-Full or half APR masks
-Hooded chemical resistant clothing
Describe the main components of Level D protection:
No atmospheric hazards exist
-Coveralls
-Chemical resistant boots or shoes with a steel toe
-hard hat
-Safety glasses
Of these heat emergencies you can suffer while using PPE, which is the most serious?
a. Heat exhaustion
b. Heat stroke
c. Heat rashes
d. Heat cramps
B. heat stroke
Before entering any hazardous environment, what should you do with your PPE?
Pre-entry inspection
To avoid faster suit degradation, what should you avoid doing during an incident?
Do not kneel or sit on the ground
This is a phase of decontamination where significant reduction of the amount surface contamination takes place as quickly as possible
Gross decontamination
What are the 4 types of decontamination?
Gross decontamination - reduction of surface contaminants
Emergency decontamination - removing threatening contaminants quick
Technical decontamination - using chemical or physical methods
Mass decontamination - lots of people quickly
T or F?
Responders should shut off valves without direction of facility operator
False,
They should not
Leak control is often referred to as…
containment
Write this in you ERG, corrosive liquid tanks (MC/DOT 312) do NOT have a shutoff valve
page 13 in ERG
What are the three application methods for foam?
-Roll-on method: Applying on the ground in front of spill and gently on it
-Back-down application: Applying foam on back surface (wall) and letting it trickle down on spill
-Rain down method: Spray in the air over target
What two factors allow responders to measure quality of the foam?
Expansion ratio: Thicker foam blankets take longer to break down
Drainage time: Time for 1/4 of liquid drains from the foam
Match the foam to its purpose?
Class A fuel foam - Class B fuel foam
-Ordinary combustibles
-Flammable and combustible liquids
Class A = Ordinary combustible
Class B = Flammable and combustible liquids
What are the 4 methods to control liquid spills?
Dam
Dike
Divert
Retain
Explain the difference between absorption and adsorption
-Absorption soaks up hazmats and retains
(must be chemically compatible)
- Adsorption has the molecule of the hazardous liquid adhere to the material (it does not swell up)
(organic based materials)
Control actions involving spills are generally _____ in nature
Defensive
What are the three different types of foam?
Low-expansion
Mid-expansion
High-expansion
What are three fire control considerations at a combustible liquids incident?
Vapours
Ignition sources
Extinguishment
What three specifications does decontamination at a terrorist incident involve?
- May require procedure change
- May involve a large number of people
- Must be treated as a crime scene
What are the three basic principles of decontamination?
Get it off
Keep it off
Contain it
