Chapter 26 Flashcards
Abrasion
A scratch or scrape
Rug burn, road rash, skinned elbows.
Amputation
The surgical or traumatic severing of a body part.
Avulsion
Tearing away or tearing off of a peach or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term also may be used for an eye pulled it from its socket or a tooth dislodge from its socket. Skin degloving
Bandage
Any material used to hold the dressing in place
Closed wound
And internal injury with no open pathway from the outside
Contusion
A bruise
Crush injury
And injury cause when force is transmitted from the bodies exterior to each internal structures. Broken bones,muscles,nerves, and organs
Dermis
The inner layer of skin found beneath the epidermis. Second layer of skin. Rich in blood vessels and nerves.
Dressing
Any material used to cover a wound that will help control bleeding and prevent additional contamination.
Epidermis
The outer layer of the skin.
Sensory receptors underneath
Full thickness burn
A third degree burn. All layers of the skin or damaged.
Hematoma
It’s swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged issues as a result Of an injured or broken blood vessel. Goose Egg. 1 liter max
Laceration
A cut often caused by a sharp edge, razor blade, knife, etc. can also be caused by blunt force.
Occlusive dressing
Any dressing that forms a airtight seal. For wounds to the neck, chest, and abdomen.
Open wound
An injury in which the skin is broken exposing the tissue beneath.
Partial thickness burn
A second-degree burn. Neighbor in which the epidermis is burned through, And the dermis is damaged. Redness, blistering.
Pressure dressing
A dressing applied tightly to control bleeding. Best used in amputation incident.
Puncture wound
A open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. Bullets, nails, bomb shrapnel
Penetrating puncture wound
Shallow or deep
Perforating puncture wound
Has both an entrance and exit wound
Rule of nines
A method for estimating the extent of a burden.
Rule of palm
A method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm and fingers of the patient’s own hand equals about 1% of the body surface area and as compared to the burn to estimate it’s size
Subcutaneous Layers
The layers of fat and soft tissue found below the dermis.
Superficial burns
first-degree burns. Sunburn
Universal dressing
A multi-trauma dressing, large and bulky required for profuse bleeding or went to Large wound must be covered
What are soft tissues of the body?
The skin, fatty tissues, muscles, blood vessels, connective tissues, membranes, glands, and nerves.
What is the skins major functions?
Protection, water balance, temperature regulation, excretion, shock absorption.
What is a closed wound?
Contusion, rupture of a hollow organ, Internal laceration and puncture, crush injury with no open wound, injury of a solid organ.
Open crush injuries
An open crush injury can result when in extremity is caught between heavy items, such as pieces of machinery.
High pressure injection injuries
When a patient is injected by a substance Under high-pressure. Substance can travel to patients limbs causing great damage. If not caught soon enough high probability of amputation
____________ Travel in an unpredictable path once they are inside the patient’s body and can therefore cause major damage to multiple organs and bones.
Bullets
When treating impaled object you should?
Never remove impaled object. Do not put pressure on the object.Stabilize impaled object with bulky dressings. Bandage impaled object and surrounding dressings in place.Cut off excess impaled materials to a smaller size for transport.
What are the four types of injuries that happen to a victim of a blast injury?
A) Pressure wave: air molecules slamming together
B)Blast wave: heated gases, projectiles
C) patient displacement: patient thrown around
D) exposure to hazardous materials
Do not Immerse___________Part directly in water or saline , do not let part come in direct contact with ice, and never complete an____________.
Amputation
Specific injuries that occur to the genitals are?
- Lacerations, contusions, abrasions
- Avulsions including degloving
- Blunt trauma
- Zipper injuries, uncircumcised boys
- Foreign bodies and impaled object
- Blood at the meatus (internal bleeding)
Burns can be classified and evaluated in three ways.
By the agent and source, by depth, by severity.
Agent and sources of Burns
Thermal (flame or heat) Chemicals (various Acids) Electricity Light (intense light sources) Radiological (nuclear source, ultra violet)
How to determine the severity of burns?
Agent or source of the burn, Body regions burned, Depth of the burn, extent of the burn, age of the patient, other illnesses and injuries.
Electrical Injuries
Signs and symptoms
Burns where the energy enters and exits the body, disrupted nerve pathways, muscle tenderness, respiratory difficulties, irregular heartbeat, elevated blood pressure, Seizures
Popular dressing size?
2 x 2, 4 x 4, 5 x 9, 8 x 10
The most preferred bandage is?
The shelf adhering, form fitting roller bandage
If dressing becomes soaked with blood……
Do not remove dressing, keep adding layers of dressing until bleeding subsides. The only time you would remove a blood soak dressing is if it is a bulky one or a occlusive dressing.
Always wrap dressings from……
Distal to proximal
Impaled object
If you could see both ends of the object impaled you can pull it out in a direction it was entered. But if you can’t see both and support object and prepare for transport.
Tactile stimulation
Nerve endings that provide us with sensory input. Touch
