chapter 26

Question 1

a mineral is?

Answer 1

naturally occuring, inorganic solid, with a crystalline form

Question 2

what are the two most abundant elements that make up earths crust?

Answer 2

oxyegen and sillicon

Question 3

what does inorganic mean

Answer 3

minerals are materials that are not living

Question 4

what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them about a mineral?

Answer 4

reflect the way a mineral breaks how hard it is and what types of crystal shape it has

Question 5

what are all of the ways to identify minerals

Answer 5

luster, strerak, atomic arrangment, cleavage, fracture, hardness and crystal shape

Question 6

what are the two types of luster

Answer 6

metallic and nonmetal

Question 7

how does metallic luster reflect light

Answer 7

reflects it in a way that a metal surface might

Question 8

how does nonmetallic luster reflect light

Answer 8

shine like glass can have a earthy or wax

Question 9

how do you preform a streak test

Answer 9

rubbing a mineral on an unglazed white porcelain tile

Question 10

what are two types of breakage that can happen to minerals

Answer 10

cleavage and fracture

Question 11

what is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral

Answer 11

mohs scale of hardness

Question 12

what is the number range on mohs scale of hardness

Answer 12

1-10

Question 13

how many different crystal shape systems are there

Answer 13

6

Question 14

minerals grow from?

Answer 14

from the inside out

Question 15

what are 3 ways minerals can form

Answer 15

hot water,molten rock and evaporation

Question 16

what are the two mineral groups

Answer 16

silicates and nonsilicates

Question 17

which mineral group is the most abundant in earths crust

Answer 17

silicates

Question 18

what elements are sicillates made up of

Answer 18

silicon and oxygen

Question 19

nonsilicates do not contain what element?

Answer 19

silicon

Question 20

what mineral is used to make glass?

Answer 20

quartz

Question 21

mineral

Answer 21

naturally occuring inorganic solid with a crystalline form

Question 22

streak

Answer 22

the color of a mineral in powdered form

Question 23

cleavage

Answer 23

when a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides

Question 24

fracture

Answer 24

minerals that break with irregular surfaces exhibit

Question 25

hardness

Answer 25

measures a minerals resistance to scratching is called

Question 26

magma

Answer 26

molten rock material inside earth is called

Question 27

define rock

Answer 27

naturally formed mixture containing minerals, rock fragments, and volcanic glass.

Question 28

how are rocks identified?

Answer 28

identified by their composition and texture.

Question 29

what does the texture of a rock describe about a rock?

Answer 29

describes the size, shape, and arrangement of the rock’s components

Question 30

where do intrusive igneous rocks form?

Answer 30

form from molten rock material that cools and crystallizes either underground or on Earth’s surface

Question 31

what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from?

Answer 31

form within Earth’s crust are called intrusive igneous rocks

Question 32

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

Answer 32

magma

Question 32

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

Answer 32

magma

Question 33

what are the 3 types of magma

Answer 33

basaltic,andestic,rhyolitic

Question 34

which magma type has a low silica content

Answer 34

potassium, feldspar, and quartz

Question 35

which magma type has a high silica

Answer 35

olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase feldspar

Question 35

which magma type has a high silica

Answer 35

olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase feldspar

Question 36

which type of crust has an abundunt amount of quartz

Answer 36

oceanic

Question 37

which type of crust has little to no quartz

Answer 37

continental

Question 38

which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture

Answer 38

intrusive

Question 39

which type of rock has a fine grained texture?

Answer 39

extrusive

Question 40

do fined grained rocks cool slowly or quickly

Answer 40

quickly

Question 41

what are two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 41

vesicular texture and porphyritic

Question 42

which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling

Answer 42

vesicular

Question 43

which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates

Answer 43

porphyritic

Question 44

what type of rock has a vesicular holey texture?

Answer 44

extrusive igneous rock pumice