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Physical Science > Chapter 26 > Flashcards

Chapter 26 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form

A

Mineral

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2
Q

the color of a mineral in powdered form

A

Streak

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3
Q

when a mineral breaks along prefered planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides

A

Cleavage

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4
Q

minerals that break unevenly

A

Fracture

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5
Q

the physical property that measures a minerals resistance to scratching

A

Hardness

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6
Q

molten rock material inside Earth

A

magma

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7
Q

What is a mineral?

A

A mineral is naturally occuring, crystaline form, inorganic solid

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8
Q

What are the two most adundant elements that make up Earth’s crust?

A

oxygen and silicon

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9
Q

What does inorganic mean?

A

materials that are nonliving

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10
Q

What does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral?

A

the ways the mineral breaks, how hard the mineral is, and type of crystal shape it has

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11
Q

What are all of the ways to identify minerals?

A

Luster, streak, hardness, crystal shape, atomic arrangement, cleavage, fracture

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12
Q

What are the two types of luster?

A

nonmetallic and metallic

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13
Q

How does metallic luster reflect light?

A

reflects very easily like metal

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14
Q

How does nonmetallic luster reflect light?

A

not easily and is like a waxy

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15
Q

How do you perform a streak test?

A

rubbing a mineral on a unglazed porcelain tile

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16
Q

What are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals?

A

cleavage and fracture

17
Q

What is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral?

A

Mohs Scale of hardness

18
Q

What is the number range on Mohs scale of hardness?

A

1-10

19
Q

How many different crystal shape systems are there?

A

6

20
Q

Mineral grow from what?

A

Starts from inside and goes outside

21
Q

What are the 3 ways minerals can form?

A

water vapor, magma cooling, and evaporation

22
Q

What are the 2 mineral groups?

A

Silicates and Nonsilicates

23
Q

Which mineral group is the most abundant in Earth’s crust?

A

Silicates

24
Q

What elements are Silicates made up from?

A

oxygen and silicon

25
Q

Nonsilicates do not contain what element?

A

silicon

26
Q

what mineral is used to make glass

A

quartz

Physical Science (16 decks)

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