Chapter 25: Urinary System Flashcards
Where is urine produced?
in the kidneys
What organs are apart of the urinary tract necessary to transport and store urine?
ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
Where does urine get drained into to carry to the urinary bladder and how?
the ureter is where the urine from the kidneys gets drained into and via peristalsis it gets passed into the urinary bladder
Where does urine gets stored before it gets released into the urethra?
in our urinary bladder
What are the benefits of producing urine?
- eliminates water, metabolic waste
- regulation of plasma ion
- stabilize blood pH
How is urine produced?
- urine gets produced from the filtration of our blood
What are two examples of biochemical waste that gets released in our urine?
urea and uric acid
How can we regulate our blood pressure in the kidneys?
- eliminate water from more urine formation: decrease BP
- produce less urine: retain more water & blood volume regulates or increase BP
What are (2) things our kidneys synthesize?
- calcitriol: vitamin D
- erythropoietin: RBC production
Where can the kidneys be found?
in the back of the peritoneal cavity (retroperitoneal)
What serves as a cushion for our kidneys?
perinephric fat
What purpose does the renal fascia serve?
anchors the kidney to other surronding structures
What might occur if someone loses a lot of fat? How might this affect our kidneys?
- less cushion to protect the kidneys
What is the reason or cause for the right kidney being lower than the left one?
due to the right lobe on the liver being large it is right above it pushing down on it
From the abdominal aorta, what can you find branching off and where does it go?
renal arteries, they go into each kidney & they branch off several times forming capillaries
From the capillaries, what can you find the gets produced and what is the flow?
excess metabolic wastes filter out of the blood which produces urine, urine gets drained in the ureter, then is collected in the urinary bladder then exists out of the urethra once full to get out our body
What gland can you find that are above the kidneys and are endocrine glands?
adrenal gland or suprarenal glands
What are the parts of the kidney? (cortex, medualla, minor calyx, major calyx)
- cortex: outer layer
- medulla: renal papilla found at the tip where urine drips out
- minor calyx: urine goes into this space and cannot be modified further; urine gets eliminated after
- major calyx: drains into the renal pelvis into the ureter than into the urinary bladder than out
What do afferent arterioles give rise to?
glomerular capillaries which is the filtration system of our blood
What is the function of renin?
to increase blood pressure
What is released when the juxtaglomerular cells are not stretched enough?
renin
What is a common place that funnels urine into the urethra where infections can happen?
trigone
What muscle is needed to relax in order for the urine from the urinary bladder to go to the urethra?
internal urethral sphincter
Why is it so easy for women to get a bacterial infection?
because the female urethra is short
What is the medical name for urination?
micturition reflex
What part of the urinary system is made up of skeletal muscle where we have control over even as an infant?
external urethral sphincter
