Chapter 25: Urinary System

Question 1

Where is urine produced?

Answer 1

in the kidneys

Question 2

What organs are apart of the urinary tract necessary to transport and store urine?

Answer 2

ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 3

Where does urine get drained into to carry to the urinary bladder and how?

Answer 3

the ureter is where the urine from the kidneys gets drained into and via peristalsis it gets passed into the urinary bladder

Question 4

Where does urine gets stored before it gets released into the urethra?

Answer 4

in our urinary bladder

Question 5

What are the benefits of producing urine?

Answer 5

• eliminates water, metabolic waste
• regulation of plasma ion
• stabilize blood pH

Question 6

How is urine produced?

Answer 6

• urine gets produced from the filtration of our blood

Question 7

What are two examples of biochemical waste that gets released in our urine?

Answer 7

urea and uric acid

Question 8

How can we regulate our blood pressure in the kidneys?

Answer 8

• eliminate water from more urine formation: decrease BP

- produce less urine: retain more water & blood volume regulates or increase BP

Question 9

What are (2) things our kidneys synthesize?

Answer 9

• calcitriol: vitamin D

- erythropoietin: RBC production

Question 10

Where can the kidneys be found?

Answer 10

in the back of the peritoneal cavity (retroperitoneal)

Question 11

What serves as a cushion for our kidneys?

Answer 11

perinephric fat

Question 12

What purpose does the renal fascia serve?

Answer 12

anchors the kidney to other surronding structures

Question 13

What might occur if someone loses a lot of fat? How might this affect our kidneys?

Answer 13

• less cushion to protect the kidneys

Question 14

What is the reason or cause for the right kidney being lower than the left one?

Answer 14

due to the right lobe on the liver being large it is right above it pushing down on it

Question 15

From the abdominal aorta, what can you find branching off and where does it go?

Answer 15

renal arteries, they go into each kidney & they branch off several times forming capillaries

Question 16

From the capillaries, what can you find the gets produced and what is the flow?

Answer 16

excess metabolic wastes filter out of the blood which produces urine, urine gets drained in the ureter, then is collected in the urinary bladder then exists out of the urethra once full to get out our body

Question 17

What gland can you find that are above the kidneys and are endocrine glands?

Answer 17

adrenal gland or suprarenal glands

Question 18

What are the parts of the kidney? (cortex, medualla, minor calyx, major calyx)

Answer 18

• cortex: outer layer
• medulla: renal papilla found at the tip where urine drips out
• minor calyx: urine goes into this space and cannot be modified further; urine gets eliminated after
• major calyx: drains into the renal pelvis into the ureter than into the urinary bladder than out

Question 19

What do afferent arterioles give rise to?

Answer 19

glomerular capillaries which is the filtration system of our blood

Question 20

What is the function of renin?

Answer 20

to increase blood pressure

Question 21

What is released when the juxtaglomerular cells are not stretched enough?

Answer 21

renin

Question 22

What is a common place that funnels urine into the urethra where infections can happen?

Answer 22

trigone

Question 23

What muscle is needed to relax in order for the urine from the urinary bladder to go to the urethra?

Answer 23

internal urethral sphincter

Question 24

Why is it so easy for women to get a bacterial infection?

Answer 24

because the female urethra is short

Question 25

What is the medical name for urination?

Answer 25

micturition reflex

Question 26

What part of the urinary system is made up of skeletal muscle where we have control over even as an infant?

Answer 26

external urethral sphincter