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World History > Chapter 25 Quiz > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

What is imperialism?

A

Domination of one country by another

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2
Q

What ways can imperialism be carried out?

A

Militarily, politically, economically, culturally

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3
Q

How did the IR give Europe lots of power?

A

Boost to the economies, strong governments emerged, powerful militaries

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4
Q

What was Europe’s more aggressive expansion called?

A

New Imperialism

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5
Q

What were the reasons for New Imperialism?

A

Some because of need, some because of want

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6
Q

What were the causes of New Imperialism?

A

Economic Interests, political/military interests, “Humanitarian” Goals, Social Darwinism

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7
Q

Why was economic interests a cause of new imperialism?

A

Manufacturers needed access to more natural resources: coal, oil, rubber; needed new markets to sell goods; needed new places for growing population to move

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8
Q

Why was political/military interests a cause of new imperialism?

A

Merchant ships needed protection and bases to refuel; national pride-couldn’t let other European countries seize al foreign land

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9
Q

Why was “Humanitarian” goals a cause of new imperialism?

A

Many felt a real concern for their little brothers overseas

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10
Q

What did Europeans believe about western civilization?

A

Europeans believed they had a duty to spread ideas of western civilization such as Christianity, medicine, and law

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11
Q

Why was Social Darwinism a cause of new imperialism?

A

Growing sense in Europe of Racial Superiority; Survival of Fittest mentality- strongest races were destined to conquer weaker ones- it was nature’s way

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12
Q

Why did new imperialism succeed?

A

Weakness of non-western states; western advantages

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13
Q

Why was weakness of non-western states a reason why ni succeed?

A

Many old empires in decline-Ottoman, china, India; Slave trade negatively affected African Empire

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14
Q

Why was western advantages a reason why ni succeed?

A

Supportive gov’ts and powerful militaries; superior technology-weapons, steam ships

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15
Q

What were colonies?

A

Most involved form of imperialism; Ways Imperialist nations had control

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16
Q

What rule did the British use?

A

Indirect Rule

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17
Q

What was indirect rule?

A

Used local rulers to govern, but encouraged their children to gain education in Britain; Soon a new generation of “westernized” leaders would rule and spread British civilization

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18
Q

What rule did French use?

A

Direct Rule

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19
Q

What was direct rule?

A

Sent officials and officers to countries to impose French laws and customs

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20
Q

What were protectorates?

A

Local rulers left in place, but were expected to follow advice of European “advisors”

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21
Q

What was an advantage to protectorates?

A

Cheaper and required less military force

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22
Q

What is spheres of influence?

A

Area in which an outside power claimed exclusive involvement/trade privileges

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23
Q

What are examples of spheres of influence?

A

Europe in China; US in Latin/S.America

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24
Q

Explain West Africa?

A

Muslim states arose built on trade, farming and herding; traded with Europeans because they wanted help to defeat enemies; Slave trade to Europe/US

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25
Q

What was Liberia?

A

Country founded as a refuge for freed US slaves

26
Q

What was jihad?

A

Holy struggle to purify Islam

27
Q

How big is Africa compared to Europe?

A

4 times as big

28
Q

Explain North Africa.

A

Under control of Ottoman; large Muslim influence

29
Q

Explain East Africa.

A

Profitable trade of slaves to Middle East; Trade copper/ivory to India for cloth/weapons

30
Q

Explain South Africa.

A

Heavy turmoil and chaos; fighting between Zulu tribe and “Boers” from Denmark

31
Q

What are missionaries?

A

Someone sent on a religious cause

32
Q

What did missionaries do/think?

A

Built school and medical clinics alongside churches; Thought Africans were almost like children in need of guidance

33
Q

Who started to colonize Africa?

A

King Leopold of Belgium began colonizing the Congo

34
Q

What was the Berlin Conference?

A

European leaders met to establish the rules for African colonization

35
Q

What was not thought of at the Berlin Conference?

A

Traditional Settlement patterns; ethnic boundaries and tribes

36
Q

What did France gain from the Berlin Conference?

A

By late 1800s controlled area in W and N Africa as big as the US is today

37
Q

What did the British gain from the Berlin Conference?

A

Smaller/more scattered area than French; focused on larger population centers; dominated where most valuable resources were- diamonds and gold

38
Q

What was special about Ethiopia?

A

Only African country to remain free

39
Q

How was Ethiopia able to remain free?

A

Menelik II modernized before Europeans came; Built state-of-the-art roads/bridges; western style schools; Imported newest weapons; Had Europeans train his army

40
Q

Who did Ethiopia defeat?

A

Italy

41
Q

How much of India did the British East India Company control?

A

60%

42
Q

Who was India ruled by?

A

Ranjit Singh

43
Q

What did Ranjit Singh rule?

A

Sikh Empire

44
Q

How/Why did Britain gain power of India?

A

Exploited Indian Diversity

45
Q

Why did Exploiting Indian Diversity help Britain gain control of India?

A

Many types of people lived in India-Various cultures/customs/languages made it hard to unite

46
Q

What were some of British’s policies?

A

Worked to end slavery; Preserved peace/maintained order; improved education; spread Christianity; outlawed sati

47
Q

What were the goals of the BEIC?

A

make money and improve life for Indians

48
Q

What was sati?

A

Widows must kill themselves when their husbands die

49
Q

What were sepoys?

A

Indian Soldiers

50
Q

What things were offensive to sepoys/ why they rebelled?

A

Made to serve anywhere Britain wanted them to- for Hindus oversea travel was offense to religion; new rifles required them to bit off tips of bullet cartridges that were greased with cow/pig fat

51
Q

Why are cows and pigs important?

A

Cows=Sacred to Hindus; Pork= Forbidden by Muslims

52
Q

Who were viceroys?

A

People who ruled in India in the name of the British King

53
Q

What did Britain do to help their economy and helping India modernize?

A

Built roads and huge rail networks

54
Q

How did the roads and rails mainly help Britain?

A

Easier to remove raw materials/resources; easier to sell British products throughout India

55
Q

What did transportation led to for India?

A

Unity

56
Q

What is famines?

A

Mass starvation

57
Q

What did British do to get more involved in India?

A

Flooded Indian markets w/ cheap textiles; increased British pressure on Indians to grow cash crops and deforest their lands; medical advancements allowed for increased population, but led to food shortages and famines

58
Q

What was India’s views on British?

A

Impressed with technology; adopted western ways and customs

59
Q

What was Britain’s view on India?

A

Some respected Indians ancient heritage/history, most thought India was just their to be exploited

60
Q

What was the Indian National Congress?

A

Believed in peaceful protest; wanted British modernization but also self-rule

61
Q

Who helped India break control from the British?

A

Mahatma Gandhi

World History (14 decks)

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