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MM Last Study Guide > Chapter 25 Part 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Deep fissures (grooves) divide each lung into lobes. How many lobes does each lung have?

A

Right lung has 3 lobes, left lung has 2 lobes

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2
Q

Small, round sacs where gas exchange occurs?

A

Alveoli

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3
Q

What two muscles are responsible for (unforced/quiet) inspiration?

A

Diaphragm and external intercostals

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4
Q

What did the lungs say to the contracting diaphragm?

A

Your an inspiration

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5
Q

What muscles are involved in (unforced/quiet) expiration?

A

None, unforced (quiet) expiration is passive due to muscle relaxation

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6
Q

What 5 muscles are involved in forced expiration? (Ex: playing an instrument)

A

Internal intercostals, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis

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7
Q

The inverse relationship between volume and pressure is known as? (Volume increase=pressure decrease, volume decrease=pressure increase)

A

Boyle’s law

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8
Q

Wha lit is the atmospheric pressure at sea level? ( measured in kilometers of mercury ) know how it effects air in lungs (page 662).

A

760 mmHg

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9
Q

Normal range of resting breaths per minute? What’s the average amount of air moving into and out of an adult lungs?

A

12-120 bpm, 500ml of air

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10
Q

The volume of one breath is known as what? Is it the same amount from one person to another?

A

Tidal volume, No, varies person to person

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11
Q

What percentage of tidal volume participates in gas exchange? Remainder left in conducting airways ( anatomic dead space)

A

70%

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12
Q

Apparatus used to measure respiration rate and amount of air inhaled/exhaled is?

A

Spirometer

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13
Q

Taking a deep breath takes in more air than tidal volume, the additional air is called?

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

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14
Q

Forced expiration expires additional air our lungs, what is this additional air called?

A

Expiratory reserve volume

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15
Q

Even after forced expiration, some air will remain in lungs/ airways. What is the air called?

A

Residual volume

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16
Q

The sum total of tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume is known as?

A

Inspiratory capacity

17
Q

Sum of residual volume and expiratory reserve volume is known as?

A

Functional residual capacity

18
Q

Sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume?

A

Vital capacity

19
Q

Total of vital capacity and residual volume (sum total of everything) is?

A

Total lung capacity

20
Q

Normal, quiet pattern for breathing is known as?

A

Eupnea

21
Q

Shallow breathing done by external intercostals is known as?

A

Coastal breathing

22
Q

Deep, abdominal breathing with outward movement of abdomen is?

A

Diaphramagmic breathing.

23
Q

Rapid, deep breathing is known as?

A

Hyperventilation

24
Q

Where is the respiratory center located?

A

Medulla oblongata and pons

25
Q

During quiet, non-forced breathing, about how long is inspiration and low long is expiration?

A

2 second inspiration, 3 second expiration

26
Q

What area of upper pons allows for duration of inspirations to shorten?

A

Pneuotaxic area

27
Q

What area of lower pons allows for during of inspirations to lengthen for a deep breath?

A

Apneustic area

28
Q

True or false: breathing rhythm is entirely involuntary.

A

False

29
Q

Absence of breathing is known as?

A

Apnea

30
Q

Name this repository disorder characterized by chronic obstruction of airflow. Had two types: emphysema and chronic bronchitis

A

COPD

31
Q

Excessive secretion of bronchial mucus, accompanied by a cough, marks this disorder.

A

Chronic bronchitis

32
Q

This disorder is a result of destruction of the walls of aveoli, with abnormally large air sacs that stay filled after exhalation. Long term effect is “barrel chest”

A

Emphysema

33
Q

This generic life threatening disease is characterized by excessive thickly mucus accumulation in the lungs. Damage occurs to the lungs and digestive system

A

Cystic fibrosis

34
Q

By age 70 vital capacity decreases in a a persons lungs by what percentage?

A

35%

MM Last Study Guide (12 decks)

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