Chapter 25 Flashcards
A system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys
mid-ocean ridge
How do divergent plate boundaries move?
They divide
What are specific example of a plate divergent?
- Mid Ocean Ridge(both are oceanic crusts)
2. East African Rift(both continental)
How do transform plate boundaries move?
They slide past each other
What is a specific example of a transform plate boundary.
San Andreas Fault(continental crust)
What is a convection current?
- Magma heats up, becomes less dense, and rises.
2. Magma cools, becomes more dense, and sinks.
What are other forces to help plate motion?
Slab Pull, Ridge Push, and Friction
Which type of plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes?
Divergent and Transform
Which plate boundary has deep earthquakes?
Convergent
What are the types of stress that can cause rocks to move?
- Compression Stress
- Tension Stress
- Shear Stress
- Torsion Stress
What are the types of deformation that can be caused due to stress?
- Elastic Deformation
2. Plastic Deformation
What happens during Elastic Deformation?
It deforms and returns to it’s original shape
What happens during Plastic Deformation?
It deforms and remains in the new shape
How many types of seismic waves are there
Primary waves
Secondary Waves
Surface Waves
Which wave moves at the fastest speed?
P-waves
What types of wave is a P-wave?
A compression wave
What type of material can P-waves travel through?
They can travel through solids and liquids
What type of wave are secondary waves?
Transverse wave
What type of material can S-waves travel through?
They can travel ONLY through solids
What wave cause the most damage?
Surface waves
What are the names of the two scales that help us measure earthquakes?
- Richter scale
2. Mercalli scale
What does the Mercalli scale tell us about an earthquake?
The amount of damage caused
What does the Richter scale measure about an earthquake?
The energy released
A long, narrow depression forms between peaks along the mid ocean ridge
rift valley
