Ch 27.1 & 27.2 Vocab

Question 1

27.1- process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on Earth’s surface

Answer 1

Weathering

Question 2

27.1-is a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting plant life

Answer 2

Soil

Question 3

27.2-is the removal of surface material through the process of weathering

Answer 3

Erosion

Question 4

27.2-As rocks weather, erosional agents like water, ice, wind, and gravity move eroded materials from one place to another in a process

Answer 4

Sediment Transport

Question 5

27.2-When the erosional agent slows down, or melts, it drops this sediment load in a process

Answer 5

Desposition

Question 6

27.2-The land area that gathers water for a major river

Answer 6

Drainage Basin

Question 7

27.2-The movement of water parallel to the shoreline

Answer 7

Longshore current

Question 8

1.What is weathering?

Answer 8

breakdown of materials on Earth’s surface

Question 9

2.Do rocks weather at the same rate?

Answer 9

They do not weather at the same rate

Question 10

3.What are two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?

Answer 10

Rock Type and Landscape

Question 11

4.What are the two types of weathering?

Answer 11

Mechanical and Chemical weathering

Question 12

5.What type of change happens with mechanical weathering?

Answer 12

Physical Changes

Question 13

6.What type of change happens with chemical weathering?

Answer 13

Chemical Changes

Question 14

7.What are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?

Answer 14

Frost Wedging, Biological Activity, and Collisions

Question 15

8.What causes frost wedging?

Answer 15

It occurs when water collects in the cracks of rock and then freezes

Question 16

9.What is the cycle called during frost wedging?

Answer 16

It is called the “Freeze-Thaw Cycles”

Question 17

10.What causes biological activity?

Answer 17

Plants and Animals

Question 18

11.What causes weathering during collisions?

Answer 18

When rocks fall from a cliff or tumble through turbulent rivers

Question 19

12.What are the 2 types of chemical weathering caused by?

Answer 19

Oxygen and Water

Question 20

13.What is the chemical process called that is caused by oxygen?

Answer 20

Oxidation

Question 21

14.What is the chemical process called that is caused by water?

Answer 21

Hydrolysis

Question 22

15.What is soil?

Answer 22

is a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting life.

Question 23

16.What is parent material?

Answer 23

The material from which soil forms

Question 24

17.What are soil horizons?

Answer 24

They are the different layers of soil

Question 25

18.How many soil horizons are there?

Answer 25

There are 6 different soil horizons

Question 26

19.True or False. All soils contain every soil horizon.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

20.What are the specific soil horizons?

Answer 27

O, A, E, B, C, R

Question 28

21.What does the first soil horizon contain?

Answer 28

Organic Material

Question 29

22.What is the second horizon mostly made up of?

Answer 29

Minerals

Question 30

23.Which layer does leaching occur?

Answer 30

Horizon E

Question 31

24.Which horizon collects materials from previous horizons?

Answer 31

Horizon B

Question 32

25.Which layer is partially weathered bedrock?

Answer 32

Horizon C

Question 33

26.Which layer is unweathered bedrock?

Answer 33

Horizon R

Question 34

27.Which soil horizons make up the topsoil?

Answer 34

Horizons O&A

Question 35

28.Which soil horizons make up the subsoil?

Answer 35

Horizons E&B

Question 36

29.Which soil horizons make up the true soil?

Answer 36

Horizons O, A, E, B