Ch 27.3 Notes Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. What percentage of water on Earth is salt water?
A

97%

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2
Q
  1. What percentage of water on Earth is freshwater?
A

3%

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3
Q
  1. Where is the majority of freshwater found?
A

(2%)It is found in glaciers

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4
Q
  1. Where is the smaller percentage of freshwater found?
A

(1%)It is found in lakes, rivers, and stored as ground water

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5
Q
  1. What is precipitation?
A

When water vapor in the air cools and condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals. Forms of precipitation are rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

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6
Q
  1. What is Runoff?
A

Water running off the land surface.

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7
Q
  1. What is infiltration?
A

The process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface.

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8
Q
  1. What is transpirtation?
A

When plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves.

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9
Q
  1. What is evaporation?
A

When water enters the atmosphere as water vapor.

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10
Q
  1. What is condensation?
A

Where water vapor molecules collide with other water molecules to form droplets.

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11
Q
  1. What is the water cycle?
A

The water cycle is where water from the land enters the atmosphere and then eventually returns back to the land.

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12
Q
  1. What is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage?
A

A porous area where water easily passes through

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13
Q
  1. What is a saturated zone for groundwater storage?
A

beneath the unsaturated zone, where water completely fills the pore space

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14
Q
  1. What is a water table?
A

The upper boundary of the saturated zone

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15
Q
  1. What does it mean if sediment is permeable?
A

It means that water is able to infiltrate the ground easier.

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16
Q
  1. What is an aquifer?
A

a rock unite that can transfer water through its pore space

17
Q
  1. What is the name of the Great Plains Aquifer?
A

Ogallala Aquifer

18
Q
  1. How many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through?
A

8 states

19
Q
  1. What are the names of the states that the Great Plains Aquifer runs through?
A

South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas.

20
Q
  1. What is an aquitard?
A

Is a layer of sediment that doesn’t allow water to pass through it.

21
Q
  1. How are water springs formed?
A

Springs form where the water table naturally meets Earth’s surface

22
Q
  1. What is an artesian well?
A

Wells drilled into pressurized aquifers, forms when an aquifer is sandwiched between aquitards, pressure causes water to flow up into the well

23
Q
  1. What is a cone of depression?
A

Where the direction flows towards the well