Chapter 24- The body's defenses.

Question 1

Innate Immunity

Answer 1

-born with it

typically less efficient than adaptive immunity

Question 2

Adaptive Immunity

Answer 2

our bodies learn pathogen (vaccinations, Chicken Pox)

Question 3

Lymphatic System

Answer 3

Vessels, tissues, and organs where pathogens meet immune cells.

Question 4

Lymphatic Vessels:

Answer 4

Collect fluid from body tissues and return it as lymph to the blood

Question 5

Lymph Organs:

Answer 5

spleen and lymph nodes are packed with white blood cells that fight infections

Question 6

First line of defense

Answer 6

External Innate defense

skin, mucus

Question 7

Second line of defence

Answer 7

Internal Innate defense

Phagocytic cells

Question 8

Third Line of Defense:

Answer 8

adaptive cells

Question 9

The internal innate defenses depend on:

Answer 9

white blood cells and defensive proteins

Question 10

Neutrophils

Answer 10

phagocytic cells that engulf pathogens

Question 11

Macrophages

Answer 11

large phagocytic cells that wander through the interstitial fluid

Question 12

Natural Killer cells

Answer 12

attack killer and virus-infected cells

Question 13

Inflammatory response

Answer 13

inflames an area to keep pathogen in one site and then attack there

Question 14

Adaptive immunity depends on

Answer 14

B cells and T cells

Question 15

B cells:

Answer 15

fully develop and become specialized in the bone marrow

Question 16

T cells:

Answer 16

migrate via blood to the thymus

Question 17

Thymus:

Answer 17

gland in the chest where T cells mature and become specialized

Question 18

Antigens

Answer 18

molecules (usually pathogens) that elicit a response from a lymphocyte

Question 19

Clonal Selection

Answer 19

produces memory cells that help fight subsequent exposures to antigens

Question 20

B cells secrete

Answer 20

antibodies that bind antigens

Question 21

The binding of antibodies to antigens

Answer 21

blocks or helps destroy an invader

Question 22

Vaccines stimulate

Answer 22

B cells

Question 23

HIV deletes

Answer 23

helper T cell response

Question 24

Primary response to antigen

Answer 24

happens when you’ve never seen that antigen before.

Question 25

Secondary Immune response is

Answer 25

longer