Chapter 22

Question 1

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 1

physical processes like chewing

Question 2

Chemical Digestion

Answer 2

breakdown of food by digestive enzymes

Question 3

What are the four stages of food processing?

Answer 3

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Elimination

(IDAE)

Question 4

Ingestion

Answer 4

eating

Question 5

Digestion

Answer 5

breakdown of food into small molecules

Question 6

Absorption

Answer 6

uptake of the small molecules by digestive tract

Question 7

Elimination

Answer 7

disposal of undigested materials

Question 8

Hydrolysis

Answer 8

chemical reactions that break molecules using water and enzymes

Question 9

The human digestive system consists of:

Answer 9

• Digestive Tube
• Alimentary Canal
• Accessory Organs (liver, gallbladder, pancreas)

Question 10

What are accessory organs?

Answer 10

Dont physically digest food but produce chemicals to aid the process

Question 11

Pancreas

Answer 11

Makes enzymes for digestion

Question 12

Liver

Answer 12

Creates bile to break down molecules

Question 13

Gallbladder

Answer 13

Stores bile

Question 14

Chemical digestion begins in the…

Answer 14

Mouth!

Question 15

Pharynx

Answer 15

connects the mouth to the esophagus

Question 16

Esophagus moves food down through…

Answer 16

peristalsis

Question 17

Peristalsis

Answer 17

alternating waves of muscular contraction and relaxation

Question 18

Stomach turns food into a thick soup called

Answer 18

Chyme

Question 19

Fluid in the stomach contains

Answer 19

Gastric Juice

Question 20

Gastric Juice is made of

Answer 20

• Strong Acid
• Digestive enzymes
• Mucus
• The Enzyme Pepsin, which digests proteins

Question 21

The Small Intestine

Answer 21

major organ for chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

Question 22

Duodenum

Answer 22

first part of the small intestine.

Chyme from the stomach mixes with pancreatic juice and bile

Question 23

Bile

Answer 23

Digestive juice secreted by the liver

Question 24

The Large Intestine Consits of:

Answer 24

• Colon
• Rectum
• Anus
• Appendix

Question 25

Appendix

Answer 25

contains white blood cells that make minor contributions to the immune system

Question 26

Colon

Answer 26

absorbs water and produces feces

Question 27

Rectum

Answer 27

stores feces until elimination

Question 28

Anus

Answer 28

regulates the opening of the rectum

Question 29

Appendicitis

Answer 29

bacterial infection of the appendix

Question 30

What is the order for major parts of the gastrointestinal tract?

Answer 30

Mouth -> Esophagus -> Stomach -> Small Intestine -> Large Intestine

Question 31

How many essential amino acids are there?

Answer 31

8

Question 32

kilocalorie

Answer 32

1000 calories, typically what we assume a calorie is