Chapter 24 Lymphatics and Immunity

Question 1

What are the three functions of the lympatic system?

Answer 1

1. Collect excess interstitial fluid (lymph) from the tissues to return it to the blood
2. Lympocytes are developed for immune response
3. Lacteals absorb dietary lipids from small intestine

Question 2

What color do diagrams represent the lymph vessles with? How are the vessles distributed throughout the body?

Answer 2

1. The lympathic system is usually color coded as green or gold
2. The lympathic sytem consists of a network of lymphatic vessles which surround capillaries and tissues

Question 3

What are the components of the lympathic system?

Answer 3

1. Lympatjic cells
2. Lympathic fluid
3. Lympatic vessels
4. Lympatic tissues
5. Lymopathic organs
   a. Includes the spleen. thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, and bone marrow

Question 4

Where are the cells involved in immunity located? What are the three main types?

This little lympocyte says “Hello!”

Answer 4

1. 1. many cells involved in immune response are located in the lympatic system and cardiovascular system
2. a. Lympocytes
   b. Macrophages
   c. Dendritic cells

Question 5

Where do lympocytes come from? What is there role? How are they named?

Answer 5

1. Lyphocytes are derived from stem cells in bone marrow and migrate to secondary lympatic organs such as the spleen, thymus and lymph nodes where they mature
2. Lympocytes migrate through lymph and blood tissue to monitor for invaders or antigens
3. Lympocytes are named after the primary lympathic organ that they mature in:
   a. B-lympocyte: mature in Bone marrow
   b. T-lympocytes: mature in Thymus

Question 6

What is the characteristic of lymph fluid? What is it similar to? Is it always the same regardless of where it is found in the body? What is contained in lymph fluid?

Answer 6

1. It is clear and colorless
2. It is similar to interstitial fluid as well as blood plasma but with less protein and does not clot
3. It differs from place to place
4. Contains lympocytes and macrophages. It can also contain bacteria, cell debris, or traveling cancer cells

Question 7

How does lymph fluid flow? What helps it flow? What can people do to increase lymoh return? Can fluid flow in either direction in a vessel? How is lymp fluid drawn back into venous circulation?

Answer 7

1. Lymph fluid flows at a low pressure and speed
2. a. *Rhythmic contractions of lymph vessles *
   b. also by skeletal muscle contractions
3. Exercise can significantly increaee lymph return
4. No, valves prevent backward flow
5. Lymph vessles empty into lymph ducts which empty into either two of the subclavian veins. Rapidly flowing blood draws lymph back into venous circulation.