Chapter 23- Respiratory System Flashcards
functions of nose
warming and filtering air, olfactory sensation, modifying speech sounds
wall of pharynx
skeletal muscles & mucous membrane
3 sections of pharynx (top to bottom)
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
features of nasopharynx
auditory tube openings, pharyngeal tonsils
features of oropharynx
palatine/lingual tonsils
laryngopharynx connects…
esophagus to larynx
how many pieces of cartilage in larynx
9 (3 pairs + 3 singles)
thyroid cartilage
adam’s apple
epiglottis
covers the glottis
cricoid cartilage
attached to trachea by ligaments
arytenoid cartilage
supports the paired laryngeal muscles which move the vocal folds
cuneiform cartilage
support vocal folds
corniculate cartilage
articulate thyroid and cricoid cartilages
how many lobes in each side
5 total, 3 right, 2 left
3 layers of gas exchange
- alveolar wall with surfactant
- basement membrane
- capillary wall
type I alveolar cell
simple squamos epithelium
type II alveolar cell
produces surfactant
where is external respiration
lungs
where is internal respiration
tissues
process of inspiration
medulla oblongata sends out rhythmic discharge -> intercostal msucles & diaphragm contract -> lungs expand & intrapleural pressure drops -> air moves in
most respiratory infections are caused by…
viruses
pneumonia is caused by…
bacteria (streptococcus)