Chapter 23: Respiration Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of the respiratory system
A
Gas exchange, moves air in and out of the lung, Protects passageways from toxins, makes it sound, gives you your olfactory system
2
Q
Nose nasal cavity pharynx
A
Upper respiratory system: clean air warms air moistens air
3
Q
Larynx trachea bronchi and bronchioles alveoli
A
Lower respiratory system
4
Q
Respiratory tract: runs from the entrance to the bronchioles
A
Conducting portion
5
Q
Respitory retract: runs from bronchioles to alveoli
A
Respiratory portion
6
Q
Lines the respiratory tract
A
Respiratory mucosa
7
Q
Secretes mucus for lining
A
Lamina propina
8
Q
Extensions that move mucus upward filters air
A
Cilia
9
Q
Nostrils
A
Nares
10
Q
Division of the nostrils
A
Septum
11
Q
Store mucus to keep areas moist
A
Paranasal sinuses
12
Q
Upper jaw
A
Maxillary
13
Q
Forehead
A
Frontal
14
Q
Behind eyes
A
Ethmoidal
15
Q
Temples
A
Sphenoidal
16
Q
Create sense of smell
A
Olfactory receptors
17
Q
Area above the soft and hard palate
A
Nasopharynx
18
Q
Soft palate to base of tongue
A
Oropharynx
19
Q
Hyoid bone to epiglottis
A
Laryngopharynx
20
Q
Made up of hyaline cartilage
A
Larynx
21
Q
Opening in larynx
A
Glottis
22
Q
Upper front plate
A
Thyroid cartilage
23
Q
Lower front plate
A
Cricoid cartilage
24
Q
Flap that prevents food from entering trachea
A
Epiglottis
25
Left lung
Two loves
26
Right lung
Three lobes
27
Area where primary bronchi, blood vessels and nerves enter the lungs
Hilus
28
Top of the lung
Apex
29
Bottom of the lung
Base
30
Primary bronchi and all of the branches off of it
Bronchial tree
31
The functional unit of the lung
Alveoli
32
Primary bronchi and all of the branches off of it
Bronchial tree
33
Have cartilage part of bronchial tree
Tertiary bronchi
34
Part of bronchial tree: bronchioles
No cartilage
35
Part of bronchial tree contain smooth muscles
Terminal bronchioles
36
broncoconstriction smaller
Parasympathetic
37
Broncodilation bigger
Sympathetic
38
Small segments of the long in the blood vessels that supply them
Pulmonary lobules
39
Tissue that covers the surface of the long
Visceral pleura
40
Remove dust particles from alveoli
Alveolar macrophages
41
Create surfactant
Septal cells
42
Lack of surfactant
Respiratory distress syndrome
43
Then layers that separate the air from the blood vessels
Respiratory membranes
44
Air travels from alveoli to blood rapidly because:
One. Short distance to. Oxygen and CO2 are lipid soluble
45
Carries low oxygen blood to the lungs
Pulmonary artery
46
Takes high oxygen blood
Pulmonary vein
47
Diaphragm up
Thoracic cavity
48
Around each lung
Plural cavity
49
Area between pleural cavity
Mediastinum
50
Wall of the chest
Parietal pleura
51
On the surface of the lungs
Visceral pleura
52
Lubricates the surface of the lungs
Plural fluid
53
Exchanging gases between the air and the lungs
External respiration
54
Extrusion gases between the blood and the cells
Cellular respiration
55
Low oxygen levels
Hypoxia
56
Complete loss of oxygen
Apoxia
57
Pressure of surrounding air
Atmospheric pressure
58
Pressure in the respiratory tract
Intrapulmonary pressure
59
Air in, chest out, diaphragm down
Inspiration
60
Air out, chest in, diaphragm up
Expiration
61
Ability of lungs to expand
Compliance
62
One inhalation and exhalation
Respiratory cycle
63
Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs and one respiratory cycle
Tidal volume
64
Ability of the diaphragm and rib cage to return to its resting position
Elastic rebound
65
Number of breaths per minute
Respiratory rate
66
Area from entrance to alveoli
Anatomical dead space
67
Air that reaches the alveoli
Alveolar ventilation
68
Amount of air inhaled and exhaled at rest
Resting tidal volume
69
Total amount of air you can breathe in and out
Vital capacity
70
Stop breathing until medulla oblongada wakes you up
Apnea
71
5000 to 8000 feet get delirious and paranoid
Mountain sickness
72
Hello parts in skull with mucus
Sinus infection
73
Protein pigment in your blood that carries oxygen
Hemoglobin
74
Cerebral cortex
Voluntary respiration
75
Cerebellum
Involuntary respiration
76
Forced breathing
Medulla oblongata
77
Passive breathing
Pons
78
Factors affecting forced breathing
Chemoreceptors, blood pressure, long stretch receptors, irritations in respiratory tract, other sensations
79
Carbon monoxide builds up in bloodstream latches onto blood cells
Carbon monoxide poisoning
80
Bacterial infection with a severe cough and blood and spit
Tuberculosis
81
Inflammation of the bronchial's that cause increased mucus production
Asthma
82
Buildup of fluid or tissue in the Longs caused by virus bacterial infection
Pneumonia
83
Caused by malfunctioning pons in infants
SIDS
84
Loss of alveoli less oxygen exchange
Emphysema
85
Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells
Lung cancer
86
Blockage of blood to long clots do to not moving for long-distance
Pulmonary embolism
87
Inflammation of fluid between lungs and wall
Pleurisy
88
Vocal chords gets drained get swollen lose voice
Laryngitis
89
Life-threatening disease that damages lungs and digestive system
Cystic fibrosis
90
Inflammation of bronchial tubes mucus coughed up
Bronchitis
91
Cause my change in pressure and water nitrogen gas bubbles in tissue
Bends
92
Lack of oxygen due to an injury or heart attack from the low blood volume
Anoxia
93
Use oxygen to break down glucose to create energy
Aerobic metabolism
94
602+ C6 H 1202 equals six CO2 +6 H2O plus energy
Cellular respiration
95
Superior nasal cavity
Olfactory region
96
Adenoids
Pharyngeal tonsils
97
Auditory tube opening is located here
Nasopharynx
98
Prevents food from entering in the larynx
False vocal chords
99
Tissue that creates sound when it vibrates
True vocal chords
100
Bronchial tree
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Primary bronchi one right one left
Secondary bronchi three right two left
Tertiary bronchi eight right eight left
Bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveoli
```
101
Bring air to the surface of the lungs
Respiratory bronchioles
102
Decreased volume equals increases pressure – lungs contract – air out
Boyles law
