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Anatomy > Chapter 23: Respiration > Flashcards

Chapter 23: Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the respiratory system

A

Gas exchange, moves air in and out of the lung, Protects passageways from toxins, makes it sound, gives you your olfactory system

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2
Q

Nose nasal cavity pharynx

A

Upper respiratory system: clean air warms air moistens air

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3
Q

Larynx trachea bronchi and bronchioles alveoli

A

Lower respiratory system

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4
Q

Respiratory tract: runs from the entrance to the bronchioles

A

Conducting portion

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5
Q

Respitory retract: runs from bronchioles to alveoli

A

Respiratory portion

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6
Q

Lines the respiratory tract

A

Respiratory mucosa

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7
Q

Secretes mucus for lining

A

Lamina propina

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8
Q

Extensions that move mucus upward filters air

A

Cilia

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9
Q

Nostrils

A

Nares

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10
Q

Division of the nostrils

A

Septum

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11
Q

Store mucus to keep areas moist

A

Paranasal sinuses

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12
Q

Upper jaw

A

Maxillary

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13
Q

Forehead

A

Frontal

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14
Q

Behind eyes

A

Ethmoidal

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15
Q

Temples

A

Sphenoidal

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16
Q

Create sense of smell

A

Olfactory receptors

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17
Q

Area above the soft and hard palate

A

Nasopharynx

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18
Q

Soft palate to base of tongue

A

Oropharynx

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19
Q

Hyoid bone to epiglottis

A

Laryngopharynx

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20
Q

Made up of hyaline cartilage

A

Larynx

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21
Q

Opening in larynx

A

Glottis

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22
Q

Upper front plate

A

Thyroid cartilage

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23
Q

Lower front plate

A

Cricoid cartilage

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24
Q

Flap that prevents food from entering trachea

A

Epiglottis

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25
Q

Left lung

A

Two loves

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26
Q

Right lung

A

Three lobes

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27
Q

Area where primary bronchi, blood vessels and nerves enter the lungs

A

Hilus

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28
Q

Top of the lung

A

Apex

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29
Q

Bottom of the lung

A

Base

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30
Q

Primary bronchi and all of the branches off of it

A

Bronchial tree

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31
Q

The functional unit of the lung

A

Alveoli

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32
Q

Primary bronchi and all of the branches off of it

A

Bronchial tree

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33
Q

Have cartilage part of bronchial tree

A

Tertiary bronchi

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34
Q

Part of bronchial tree: bronchioles

A

No cartilage

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35
Q

Part of bronchial tree contain smooth muscles

A

Terminal bronchioles

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36
Q

broncoconstriction smaller

A

Parasympathetic

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37
Q

Broncodilation bigger

A

Sympathetic

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38
Q

Small segments of the long in the blood vessels that supply them

A

Pulmonary lobules

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39
Q

Tissue that covers the surface of the long

A

Visceral pleura

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40
Q

Remove dust particles from alveoli

A

Alveolar macrophages

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41
Q

Create surfactant

A

Septal cells

42
Q

Lack of surfactant

A

Respiratory distress syndrome

43
Q

Then layers that separate the air from the blood vessels

A

Respiratory membranes

44
Q

Air travels from alveoli to blood rapidly because:

A

One. Short distance to. Oxygen and CO2 are lipid soluble

45
Q

Carries low oxygen blood to the lungs

A

Pulmonary artery

46
Q

Takes high oxygen blood

A

Pulmonary vein

47
Q

Diaphragm up

A

Thoracic cavity

48
Q

Around each lung

A

Plural cavity

49
Q

Area between pleural cavity

A

Mediastinum

50
Q

Wall of the chest

A

Parietal pleura

51
Q

On the surface of the lungs

A

Visceral pleura

52
Q

Lubricates the surface of the lungs

A

Plural fluid

53
Q

Exchanging gases between the air and the lungs

A

External respiration

54
Q

Extrusion gases between the blood and the cells

A

Cellular respiration

55
Q

Low oxygen levels

A

Hypoxia

56
Q

Complete loss of oxygen

A

Apoxia

57
Q

Pressure of surrounding air

A

Atmospheric pressure

58
Q

Pressure in the respiratory tract

A

Intrapulmonary pressure

59
Q

Air in, chest out, diaphragm down

A

Inspiration

60
Q

Air out, chest in, diaphragm up

A

Expiration

61
Q

Ability of lungs to expand

A

Compliance

62
Q

One inhalation and exhalation

A

Respiratory cycle

63
Q

Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs and one respiratory cycle

A

Tidal volume

64
Q

Ability of the diaphragm and rib cage to return to its resting position

A

Elastic rebound

65
Q

Number of breaths per minute

A

Respiratory rate

66
Q

Area from entrance to alveoli

A

Anatomical dead space

67
Q

Air that reaches the alveoli

A

Alveolar ventilation

68
Q

Amount of air inhaled and exhaled at rest

A

Resting tidal volume

69
Q

Total amount of air you can breathe in and out

A

Vital capacity

70
Q

Stop breathing until medulla oblongada wakes you up

A

Apnea

71
Q

5000 to 8000 feet get delirious and paranoid

A

Mountain sickness

72
Q

Hello parts in skull with mucus

A

Sinus infection

73
Q

Protein pigment in your blood that carries oxygen

A

Hemoglobin

74
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Voluntary respiration

75
Q

Cerebellum

A

Involuntary respiration

76
Q

Forced breathing

A

Medulla oblongata

77
Q

Passive breathing

A

Pons

78
Q

Factors affecting forced breathing

A

Chemoreceptors, blood pressure, long stretch receptors, irritations in respiratory tract, other sensations

79
Q

Carbon monoxide builds up in bloodstream latches onto blood cells

A

Carbon monoxide poisoning

80
Q

Bacterial infection with a severe cough and blood and spit

A

Tuberculosis

81
Q

Inflammation of the bronchial’s that cause increased mucus production

A

Asthma

82
Q

Buildup of fluid or tissue in the Longs caused by virus bacterial infection

A

Pneumonia

83
Q

Caused by malfunctioning pons in infants

A

SIDS

84
Q

Loss of alveoli less oxygen exchange

A

Emphysema

85
Q

Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells

A

Lung cancer

86
Q

Blockage of blood to long clots do to not moving for long-distance

A

Pulmonary embolism

87
Q

Inflammation of fluid between lungs and wall

A

Pleurisy

88
Q

Vocal chords gets drained get swollen lose voice

A

Laryngitis

89
Q

Life-threatening disease that damages lungs and digestive system

A

Cystic fibrosis

90
Q

Inflammation of bronchial tubes mucus coughed up

A

Bronchitis

91
Q

Cause my change in pressure and water nitrogen gas bubbles in tissue

A

Bends

92
Q

Lack of oxygen due to an injury or heart attack from the low blood volume

A

Anoxia

93
Q

Use oxygen to break down glucose to create energy

A

Aerobic metabolism

94
Q

602+ C6 H 1202 equals six CO2 +6 H2O plus energy

A

Cellular respiration

95
Q

Superior nasal cavity

A

Olfactory region

96
Q

Adenoids

A

Pharyngeal tonsils

97
Q

Auditory tube opening is located here

A

Nasopharynx

98
Q

Prevents food from entering in the larynx

A

False vocal chords

99
Q

Tissue that creates sound when it vibrates

A

True vocal chords

100
Q

Bronchial tree

A 
Primary bronchi one right one left 
Secondary bronchi three right two left
Tertiary bronchi eight right eight left
Bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles
Respiratory bronchioles 
Alveolar ducts
Alveoli
101
Q

Bring air to the surface of the lungs

A

Respiratory bronchioles

102
Q

Decreased volume equals increases pressure – lungs contract – air out

A

Boyles law

Anatomy (8 decks)

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