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Anatomy > Ch. 20-21: The Heart and Circulation > Flashcards

Ch. 20-21: The Heart and Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

From heart to lungs and back

A

Pulmonary circuit

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2
Q

From heart to body and back

A

Systemic circuit

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3
Q

Away, thick, red, high O2, deep

A

Arteries

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4
Q

Return, thinner, blue, low O2, superficial, high valves

A

Veins

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5
Q

Surrounds the heart and is fluid filled

A

Pericardial sac

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6
Q

Area between the lungs inside the mediastinum

A

Pericardial cavity

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7
Q

Inner layer of pericardial sac

A

Parietal pericardium

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8
Q

Reduces friction between the two pericardium layers

A

Pericardial fluid

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9
Q

Grooves for blood vessels on the heart

A

Sulcus

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10
Q

Between atria and ventricles

A

Coronary

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11
Q

Between right and left ventricles in front of heart

A

Anterior intraventricular

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12
Q

Between the right and left ventricles on the back of the heart

A

Posterior intraventricular

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13
Q

Outer covering of the heart same as visceral pericardium

A

Epicardium

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14
Q

Muscle wall

A

Myocardium

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15
Q

Inner layer that makes up the valves

A

Endocardium

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16
Q

Divides right and left atria

A

Interatrial septum

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17
Q

Divides right and left ventricle

A

Intraventricular septum

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18
Q

Return blood to the right atrium from the body

A

Inferior and superior vena cavas

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19
Q

Vessels that collect blood from the heart and returns it to the right atrium

A

Coronary sinus

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20
Q

Between right atrium and ventricle

A

Tricuspid valve

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21
Q

Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

A

Pulmonary valve

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22
Q

Between left atrium and left ventricle

A

Bicuspid valve

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23
Q

Between left ventricle and aorta

A

Aortic valve

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24
Q

Run from heart wall to valve flaps and prevent prolapse of blood

A

Chordae tendonae

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25
Muscle on heart wall that pull on the chordae tendonae to create tension on the valve flap
Papillary muscles
26
Return blood to the left atrium
Pulmonary veins
27
Thicker and stronger ventricle
Left ventricle
28
Thinner and weaker ventricle
Right ventricle
29
Functions of connective tissue:
1. Provide support 2. Spread out contraction force 3. Give strength and prevent over expansion 4. Provides elasticity to rebound to normal shape and size
30
Contract heart to pump blood (99)
Contractile cells
31
Control contractile cells nerve cells (1)
Conducting system
32
Trigger atria to contract
SA Node
33
Trigger ventricles go contract
AV Node
34
Nerve fibers that conduct electrical impulses from pace makers to heart muscle
Purkinje fibers
35
Slow heart rate
Bradycardia
36
Fast heart rate
Tachycardia
37
Test to check the electrical activity of the heart
Electrocardiogram
38
Atria start contracting
P wave
39
Ventricle contract, atria relax
QRS wave
40
Ventricle relax
T wave
41
Contraction phase
Systole
42
Relaxation phase
Diastole
43
Process of listening to the heart
Auscultation
44
Bicuspid and tricuspid valves closing, start of ventricular contraction
Lub
45
Pulmonary and aortic valves closing, ventricles fill
Dub
46
Systole/Diastole
Blood pressure
47
Blood pressure cuff
Sphygomonanometer
48
Controls autonomic NS
Medullary oblongata
49
Location of sympathetic and parasympathetic centers
Hypothalamus
50
Detect pressure
Baropreceptors
51
Detect oxygen levels
Chemoreceptors
52
Arteries swell and rupture under increased pressure
Aneurism
53
Coronary vessels in the heart full with plaque due to too much cholesterol
Arteriosclerosis
54
Massive blood loss that leads to heart failure
Circulatory shock
55
Due to chronic high blood pressure the heart enlargers
Congestive heart failure
56
Fluid buildup in tissues due to decrease in lymphatic system as the heart weakens
Edema
57
Swelling of the inner lining and valves of the heart due to infection
Endocarditis
58
High blood pressure
Hypertension
59
Loss of blood flow to the heart muscle due to plaque buildup heart attack
Myocardial infarction
60
Damage to valves due to untreated strep throat
Rheumatic heart disease
61
Swollen veins due to weakened valves in the veins
Varicose veins
62
If blood does not move:
1. Oxygen and nutrients do not get to the cells 2. Wastes are not carried away from cells 3. Hormones and WBCs cannot get to their destination

Anatomy (8 decks)

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