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Anatomy > Ch. 20-21: The Heart and Circulation > Flashcards

Ch. 20-21: The Heart and Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

From heart to lungs and back

A

Pulmonary circuit

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2
Q

From heart to body and back

A

Systemic circuit

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3
Q

Away, thick, red, high O2, deep

A

Arteries

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4
Q

Return, thinner, blue, low O2, superficial, high valves

A

Veins

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5
Q

Surrounds the heart and is fluid filled

A

Pericardial sac

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6
Q

Area between the lungs inside the mediastinum

A

Pericardial cavity

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7
Q

Inner layer of pericardial sac

A

Parietal pericardium

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8
Q

Reduces friction between the two pericardium layers

A

Pericardial fluid

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9
Q

Grooves for blood vessels on the heart

A

Sulcus

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10
Q

Between atria and ventricles

A

Coronary

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11
Q

Between right and left ventricles in front of heart

A

Anterior intraventricular

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12
Q

Between the right and left ventricles on the back of the heart

A

Posterior intraventricular

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13
Q

Outer covering of the heart same as visceral pericardium

A

Epicardium

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14
Q

Muscle wall

A

Myocardium

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15
Q

Inner layer that makes up the valves

A

Endocardium

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16
Q

Divides right and left atria

A

Interatrial septum

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17
Q

Divides right and left ventricle

A

Intraventricular septum

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18
Q

Return blood to the right atrium from the body

A

Inferior and superior vena cavas

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19
Q

Vessels that collect blood from the heart and returns it to the right atrium

A

Coronary sinus

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20
Q

Between right atrium and ventricle

A

Tricuspid valve

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21
Q

Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

A

Pulmonary valve

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22
Q

Between left atrium and left ventricle

A

Bicuspid valve

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23
Q

Between left ventricle and aorta

A

Aortic valve

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24
Q

Run from heart wall to valve flaps and prevent prolapse of blood

A

Chordae tendonae

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25
Q

Muscle on heart wall that pull on the chordae tendonae to create tension on the valve flap

A

Papillary muscles

26
Q

Return blood to the left atrium

A

Pulmonary veins

27
Q

Thicker and stronger ventricle

A

Left ventricle

28
Q

Thinner and weaker ventricle

A

Right ventricle

29
Q

Functions of connective tissue:

A
  1. Provide support
  2. Spread out contraction force
  3. Give strength and prevent over expansion
  4. Provides elasticity to rebound to normal shape and size
30
Q

Contract heart to pump blood (99)

A

Contractile cells

31
Q

Control contractile cells nerve cells (1)

A

Conducting system

32
Q

Trigger atria to contract

A

SA Node

33
Q

Trigger ventricles go contract

A

AV Node

34
Q

Nerve fibers that conduct electrical impulses from pace makers to heart muscle

A

Purkinje fibers

35
Q

Slow heart rate

A

Bradycardia

36
Q

Fast heart rate

A

Tachycardia

37
Q

Test to check the electrical activity of the heart

A

Electrocardiogram

38
Q

Atria start contracting

A

P wave

39
Q

Ventricle contract, atria relax

A

QRS wave

40
Q

Ventricle relax

A

T wave

41
Q

Contraction phase

A

Systole

42
Q

Relaxation phase

A

Diastole

43
Q

Process of listening to the heart

A

Auscultation

44
Q

Bicuspid and tricuspid valves closing, start of ventricular contraction

A

Lub

45
Q

Pulmonary and aortic valves closing, ventricles fill

A

Dub

46
Q

Systole/Diastole

A

Blood pressure

47
Q

Blood pressure cuff

A

Sphygomonanometer

48
Q

Controls autonomic NS

A

Medullary oblongata

49
Q

Location of sympathetic and parasympathetic centers

A

Hypothalamus

50
Q

Detect pressure

A

Baropreceptors

51
Q

Detect oxygen levels

A

Chemoreceptors

52
Q

Arteries swell and rupture under increased pressure

A

Aneurism

53
Q

Coronary vessels in the heart full with plaque due to too much cholesterol

A

Arteriosclerosis

54
Q

Massive blood loss that leads to heart failure

A

Circulatory shock

55
Q

Due to chronic high blood pressure the heart enlargers

A

Congestive heart failure

56
Q

Fluid buildup in tissues due to decrease in lymphatic system as the heart weakens

A

Edema

57
Q

Swelling of the inner lining and valves of the heart due to infection

A

Endocarditis

58
Q

High blood pressure

A

Hypertension

59
Q

Loss of blood flow to the heart muscle due to plaque buildup heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

60
Q

Damage to valves due to untreated strep throat

A

Rheumatic heart disease

61
Q

Swollen veins due to weakened valves in the veins

A

Varicose veins

62
Q

If blood does not move:

A
  1. Oxygen and nutrients do not get to the cells
  2. Wastes are not carried away from cells
  3. Hormones and WBCs cannot get to their destination

Anatomy (8 decks)

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