Chapter 23 - Med Administration Flashcards
The science of drug effects is ________
Pharmocology
A _____ is a chemical that interacts with a living organism and alters its activity.
drug
Name three ways a drug may be classified
Usage, body system, class
A ____ _____ is the prescribed amount of drug the patient receives at one time.
unit dose
A locked, mobile cart with drawers containing separate compartments for each patient’s meds is which system of storing meds?
unit-dose system
____ _____ is a system for storing meds that requires a provider to measure the dose each time a patient needs it.
stock supply
A computerized system similar to a unit-dose system
Automated dispensing system
Refers to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a drug?
pharmacokinetics
Refers to the movement of the drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream?
absorption
____ _____ of a drug occur at the site of application (e.g., certain topical applications of drugs to the skin), so little if any absorption occurs.
local effects
_____ _____ require the drug to be absorbed into the bloodstream before it can be distributed to a distant location.
systemic effects
______ is the transportation of a drug in body fluids (usually the bloodstream) to the various tissues and organs of the body.
distribution
____ _____ is when one drug alters another drug.
Drug interaction
A drug that will block the action of another drug.
Antagonist
_____ is when one drug increases the action or effect of another drug.
potentiation
Unwanted effects of a drug.
side effects
Side effects that occur when a patient gets a toxic level of a drug.
Toxic effects
____ _____ to a drug is also called tolerance
reduced response
Conditions under which the drug should not be given.
Contraindications
A harmful, unintended reaction to a drug at a normal dose?
Adverse drug reaction
Modifications of the effect of a drug when administered with another drug, food, herbal supplement, etc
Interactions
A rare and unpredictable response to a drug?
idiosyncratic response
What does ADME stand for?
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
What specific fruit juice can interfere with a lot of medications?
Grapefruit juice
How long it will take a drug to take effect in the body is referred to as ______
absorption
The transport of a drug in body fluids is referred to as _______
distribution
How are drugs usually distributed throughout the body?
Bloodstream
If there is a weaker blood flow to an area, it might interfere with distribution. True or False?
True
Takes place mainly in the liver …
Metabolism
When a medication is removed from the body it is referred to as _____
Excretion
The time needed for the drug concentration to reach the highest level in the body is called the ___ ___.
Peak action
The concentration of the drug in the blood produces the _____ ______ without toxicity.
therapeutic effect
When a drug is at it’s lowest concentration in the body is referred to as ______
trough
When a medication is intended for one thing but over time appears to work for other problems. (Antihistamine med also works for nausea)
Off label use
The intended and expected effect of a medication is considered the ____ _____.
Therapeutic Effect
Unintended but often predictable physiologic effects that patients can usually tolerate after being given a med.
side effect
Unintended, unpredictable reactions to a drug even if it is given at a normal dose.
Adverse Reaction
What usually happens when an adverse reaction occurs after taking a medication?
Discontinue drug
Caused by overdosing?
toxicity
Type of reaction that can stop someone from breathing?
Anaphylactic reaction
A medication order should include what 8 things?
- Patient’s name
- Date and time of order
- Name of drug
- Dosage of drug
- Route of administration
- Frequency of when drug is given
- Signature of physician
- Any special instructions
True or False: Medications in the same category usually act in a similar way and share therapeutic effects.
True
What does MAR stand for?
Medication Administration Record
Acetaminophen is the ____ name and Tylenol is the ____ name.
generic / brand
Lotions, creams and ointments are what type of medications?
Topical
What’s the first step when applying topical medications?
Cleanse the area of the skin first
Where does a buccal med go?
In the mucosa
Where does a sublingual med go?
Under the tongue
Which direction to you pull the pena when giving an adult ear drops?
up and back
How far do you hold meds from the eye when giving eye drops?
1/2 to 3/4 inch
What are the three most common subcutaneous administration sites?
abdomen, thigh, back of the arm
What two subcutaneous sites absorb the fastest?
arm and abdomen
Does a subcutaneous or intramuscular injection absorb faster?
intramuscular
