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NURSING > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does CBC stand for?

A

Complete Blood Count

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2
Q

What are the 5 types of WBCs?

A

Basophil, Eosinophil, Monocyte, Neutrophil, Lympocyte

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3
Q

What are the three most important things we need to pay attention to for RBCs according to Dr. Evans?

A

Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Platlets

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4
Q

What is the typical number of WBCs?

A

5-10K

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5
Q

What is the typical number of RBCs?

A

4.5-5.5 Million

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6
Q

WBC count well under 5,000 is a sign that the patient has?

A

A weakened immune system

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7
Q

WBC count well above 10,000 is a sign of?

A

Infection

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8
Q

What is a WBC count under 5,000 referred to as?

A

Leukopnea

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9
Q

What is a WBC count over 10,000 referred to as?

A

Leukocytosis

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10
Q

What do RBCs do?

A

Transport oxygen through the body and CO2 out of the body

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11
Q

RBC count under 4.5 million is referred to as?

A

anemia

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12
Q

RBC count over 5.5 million is referred to as?

A

polycythemia

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13
Q

The protein that helps carry oxygen in RBCs is called?

A

Hemoglobin

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14
Q

RBCs compared to total blood volume is referred to as?

A

Hematocrit

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15
Q

What is the average hemoglobin in a male?

A

14-18g/dL

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16
Q

What is the average hemoglobin in a female?

A

12-16g/dL

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17
Q

What is the normal hematocrit level in a male?

A

42-52%

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18
Q

What is the normal hematocrit level in a female?

A

37-47%

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19
Q

Platelets contribute to the _____ of blood

A

clotting

20
Q

A low platelet count is referred to as ____ and puts patients at a risk of bleeding out.

A

thrombocytopenia

21
Q

A high platelet count is referred to as ______ and puts the patient at a risk of clots

A

thrombocytosis

22
Q

The normal range of platelets is?

A

150-450,000

23
Q

A patient has redness around the site of an IV. Would this be an example of local or systemic?

A

Local

24
Q

The body develops antibodies to infection by being exposed to them at school or daycare. This is which kind of immunity?

A

Active

25
Q

A parent takes their child for their regular immunizations. This is which kind of immunity?

A

Passive

26
Q

You had chicken pox when you were four and now you have developed what kind of immunity towards it?

A

specific

27
Q

A newborn is breastfed by their mother and antibodies pass from the milk to the baby. What immunity is this?

A

Passive

28
Q

Covering your mouth when you cough or sneeze is referred to as ______ ______

A

Respiratory hygiene

29
Q

Procedures that decrease potential for spread of infection in a clinical environment is referred to as?

A

Medical asepsis

30
Q

Classify the duration: A common cold that comes and goes in the course of 2 weeks.

A

Acute

31
Q

Classify the duration: An infection that presents itself slowly and can last for weeks, months or even years.

A

Chronic

32
Q

Classify the duration: HIV that has been present in the body for years but suddenly the pt shows S&S

A

Latent

33
Q

What are the 6 links in the chain of infection?

A
  1. Pathogens
  2. Reservoir
  3. Portal of Exit
  4. Mode of transmission
  5. Portal of Entry
  6. Susceptible Host
34
Q

What is the source of infection where pathogens can live and multiply?

A

Reservoir

35
Q

In human or animal reservoirs the most frequent _______________ is via bodily fluids.

A

Portal of Exit

36
Q

Direct contact, indirect contact, droplet, airborne and vector are all examples of?

A

Mode of transmission

37
Q

Normal body openings create _________ for pathogens to enter the body.

A

portals of entry

38
Q

A person who is at risk of infection because of inadequate defense is referred to as a _______

A

Susceptible host

39
Q

A patient comes into urgent care with an ear ache and is diagnosed with an ear infection. After taking the prescribed antibiotics they develop a UTI. What would the UTI be referred to as?

A

Secondary infection

40
Q

A frail client infected with pneumonia may develop shingles (herpes zoster, a viral infection related to past infection with varicella) related to the stress of illness. This would be an example of?

A

Secondary infection

41
Q

List the order in which you would put on PPE

A

Gown, mask, face shield, gloves

42
Q

List the order in which you would remove PPE?

A

Gloves, gown, face shield, mask

43
Q

After removing PPE what should you do next?

A

Wash your hands

44
Q

What is promoted by a clean environment, clean hands and following CDC guidelines?

A

Medical asepsis

45
Q
A

NURSING (15 decks)

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