Chapter 23- Fungi

Question 1

Despite their tolerance for harsh climates, lichens are particularly intolerant of _____.

Answer 1

Airborne toxic materials.

Question 2

Mycorrhizae and plants exhibit what?

Answer 2

Mutualism.

Question 3

The life cycles are known for how many major groups of fungi?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

The major groups of fungi are assigned names on the basis of ____?

Answer 4

Reproductive structures.

Question 5

In fungi, food materials are digested where?

Answer 5

Outside the body.

Question 6

What are saprobes?

Answer 6

Organisms that feed on dead material.

Question 7

Fungi are generally saprobes. True or false?

Answer 7

TRUE.

Question 8

Which fungus relies on extracellular digestion and absorption of energy-rich substances found in living organisms?

Answer 8

Parasitic.

Question 9

All fungi are heterotrophic. True or false?

Answer 9

TRUE.

Question 10

All fungi perform intracellular digestion. True or false?

Answer 10

FALSE… Extracellular.

Question 11

The chief advantage of the growth habit of the mycelium is a large ___.

Answer 11

Surface-to-volume ratio.

Question 12

The walls of fungi contain what?

Answer 12

Chitin.

Question 13

In most true fungi the individual cellular filaments of the body are called what?

Answer 13

Hyphae.

Question 14

Mushrooms are members of which type of fungi?

Answer 14

Club fungi.

Question 15

What is the diploid stage in the life cycle of fungi?

Answer 15

Zygote.

Question 16

In what ways do fungi reproduce (three ways)

Answer 16

Asexually by spores, budding of the parent body, and sexually by gametes.

Question 17

What is an example of zygospore-forming fungi?

Answer 17

Bread mold.

Question 18

Rhizoids are _____.

Answer 18

Rootlike absorbing filaments.

Question 19

Yeasts are members of which type of fungi?

Answer 19

Sac fungi.

Question 20

Baking bread and making wine are dependent on _____, or sac fungi.

Answer 20

Yeast.

Question 21

Edible fungi belong mainly to _____ and ____.

Answer 21

Ascomycota and basidiomycota.

Question 22

What factor is the most important algal contribution to the fungal component of a lichen?

Answer 22

Photosynthetically derived food.

Question 23

A lichen is a composite organism made up of ____ and ____.

Answer 23

A fungus and an algae.

Question 24

Mycorrhizae are fungus roots. True or false?

Answer 24

TRUE.

Question 25

What are mycorrhizae? What do they do?

Answer 25

Increase plant growth, are symbionts, allow plants to absorb more water, increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals.

Question 26

Algae are to lichens as ____ are to mycorrhizae.

Answer 26

Tree roots.

Question 27

The common mushroom bought in the average supermarket is most likely a member of what group?

Answer 27

Club fungi.

Question 28

Penicillium, the source of antibiotics, is a former member of what group?

Answer 28

Imperfect fungi.

Question 29

The yeast used in the fermentation of grape juice to produce the wines of the world is a member of what group?

Answer 29

Sac fungi.

Question 30

The common black bread mold is a member of what group?

Answer 30

Zygomycetes.

Question 31

The delicious, edible morel is a member of what group?

Answer 31

Sac fungi.

Question 32

Lichens are unable to grow where?

Answer 32

In polluted areas.