Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmaconutrition > Chapter 23 > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Mean Arterial Pressure?

A

Average pressure throughout each cycle of the heart beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Pule Pressure?

A

Difference between SBP and DBP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Hypertension?

A

Characterized by an elevation of SBP, DBP, or both.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two types of Hypertension?

A
  1. Primary: cause unknown, 90%

2. Secondary: caused by another disease or medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the Drug Classes used to treat Hypertension?

A
  1. Diuretics
  2. Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
  3. ACE Inhibitors
  4. ARB’s
  5. Direct Renin Inhibitors
  6. Calcium Channel Blockers
  7. Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist
  8. Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocking Agents
  9. Central-Acting Alpha-2 Agonists
  10. Direct Vasodilators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does a Diuretic work?

A

Causes:

  1. Volume depletion
  2. Sodium excretion
  3. Vasodilation of peripheral arterioles
  4. Loop diuretics cause potassium excretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False: Diuretics are the most commonly prescribed anti-hypertensives

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents work?

A
  1. Inhibits cardiac response to sympathetic nerve stimulation
  2. Inhibits renin release from kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the use for Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents?

A

Can be used in combinationwith other anti-hypertensives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the CAE’s of Bet-Adrenergic Blocking Agents?

A
  1. Bradycardia
  2. Peripheral vasocinstriction (purple, mottled skin)
  3. Heart failure
  4. Bronchospasm
  5. Wheezing
  6. Masks hypoglycemia in diabetic patients
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

You should hold the Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agent medication if your patient exhibits what?

A
  1. SBP is less than 100

2. Heart rate is less than 60 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If your patient has Bronchospatic disease (COPD, Asthma) they should not receive what type of drug?

A

Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do ACE Inhibitors work?

A

Inhibits conervion of ACE enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the uses of ACE Inhibitors?

A
  1. Can be used as single or combination therapy for Stage 1 or 2 hypertension
  2. Not as effective in African Americans unless combined with diuretic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In African Americans an ACE Inhibitor is not as effective unless given with what?

A

Diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the CAE’s of ACE Inhibitors?

A
  1. Nausea
  2. Fatigue
  3. Headache
  4. Diarrhea
  5. Orthostatic Hypotension
  6. 1/3 get a cough
17
Q

SAE’s of ACE Inhibitors

A
  1. Angioedema
  2. Neutropenia
  3. Hyperkalemia
  4. Nephrotoxicity
  5. May cause fetal harm
  6. May increase blood level of digoxin and lithium
18
Q

Prototypes of ACE Inhibitors

A
  1. Lisinopril
  2. Captopril
  3. Enalpril
19
Q

Patient education for ACE Inhibitors

A
  1. Don’t use if history of angioedema
  2. Have them notify prescriber immediately if pregnant or breastfeeding
  3. Less effective with AA
  4. Can cause coughing and hypotension

Pharmaconutrition (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions