Chapter 22: Trauma Overview

Question 1

Air bubbles in the arterial blood vessels

Answer 1

arterial air embolism

Question 2

An impact on the body by objects that cause injury without penetrating soft tissues or internal organs and cavities

Answer 2

blunt trauma

Question 3

A phenomenon in which speed causes a bullet to generate pressure waves, which cause damage distant from the bullet’s path

Answer 3

cavitation

Question 4

A brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head and energy transmission through brain tissue causes injury on the opposite side of original impact

Answer 4

coup-contrecoup brain injury

Question 5

the slowing of an object

Answer 5

decceleration

Question 6

resistance that slows a projectile, such as air

Answer 6

drag

Question 7

An evaluation tool used to determine level of consciousness, which evaluates and assigns point values (scores) for eye opening, verbal response, and motor response, which are then totaled; effective in helping predict patient outcomes

Answer 7

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score

Question 8

Awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries may exist when determining the mechanism of injury

Answer 8

index of suspicion

Question 9

the energy of a moving object

Answer 9

kinetic energy

Question 10

The forces or energy transmission applied to the body that cause injury

Answer 10

mechanism of injury (MOI)

Question 11

Emergencies that require EMS attention because of illnesses or conditions not caused by an outside force

Answer 11

medical emergencies

Question 12

trauma that affects more than one body system

Answer 12

multisystem trauma

Question 13

Injury caused by objects, such as knives and bullets, that pierce the surface of the body and damage internal tissues and organs

Answer 13

penetrating trauma

Question 14

The product of mass, gravity, and height, which is converted into kinetic energy and results in injury, such as from a fall

Answer 14

potential energy

Question 15

Any object propelled by force, such as a bullet by a weapon

Answer 15

projectile

Question 16

Pulmonary trauma resulting from short-range exposure to the detonation of explosives

Answer 16

pulmonary blast injuries

Question 17

A scoring system used for patients with head trauma

Answer 17

Revised Trauma Score (RTS)

Question 18

The path a projectile takes once it is propelled

Answer 18

trajectory

Question 19

Emergencies that are the result of physical forces applied to a patient’s body

Answer 19

trauma emergencies

Question 20

A score that relates to the likelihood of patient survival with the exception of a severe head injury. It calculates a number from 1 to 16, with 16 being the best possible score. It takes into account the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, respiratory rate, respiratory expansion, systolic blood pressure, and capillary refill

Answer 20

trauma score

Question 21

The eardrum; a then, semitransparent membrane in the middle ear that transmits sound vibrations to the internal ear by means of auditory ossicles

Answer 21

tympanic membrane

Question 22

the product of force times distance

Answer 22

work