Chapter 22: Trauma Overview Flashcards
Air bubbles in the arterial blood vessels
arterial air embolism
An impact on the body by objects that cause injury without penetrating soft tissues or internal organs and cavities
blunt trauma
A phenomenon in which speed causes a bullet to generate pressure waves, which cause damage distant from the bullet’s path
cavitation
A brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head and energy transmission through brain tissue causes injury on the opposite side of original impact
coup-contrecoup brain injury
the slowing of an object
decceleration
resistance that slows a projectile, such as air
drag
An evaluation tool used to determine level of consciousness, which evaluates and assigns point values (scores) for eye opening, verbal response, and motor response, which are then totaled; effective in helping predict patient outcomes
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score
Awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries may exist when determining the mechanism of injury
index of suspicion
the energy of a moving object
kinetic energy
The forces or energy transmission applied to the body that cause injury
mechanism of injury (MOI)
Emergencies that require EMS attention because of illnesses or conditions not caused by an outside force
medical emergencies
trauma that affects more than one body system
multisystem trauma
Injury caused by objects, such as knives and bullets, that pierce the surface of the body and damage internal tissues and organs
penetrating trauma
The product of mass, gravity, and height, which is converted into kinetic energy and results in injury, such as from a fall
potential energy
Any object propelled by force, such as a bullet by a weapon
projectile
Pulmonary trauma resulting from short-range exposure to the detonation of explosives
pulmonary blast injuries
A scoring system used for patients with head trauma
Revised Trauma Score (RTS)
The path a projectile takes once it is propelled
trajectory
Emergencies that are the result of physical forces applied to a patient’s body
trauma emergencies
A score that relates to the likelihood of patient survival with the exception of a severe head injury. It calculates a number from 1 to 16, with 16 being the best possible score. It takes into account the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, respiratory rate, respiratory expansion, systolic blood pressure, and capillary refill
trauma score
The eardrum; a then, semitransparent membrane in the middle ear that transmits sound vibrations to the internal ear by means of auditory ossicles
tympanic membrane
the product of force times distance
work
