Chapter 2: Workforce Safety and Wellness

Question 1

reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful situation

Answer 1

acute stress reactions

Question 2

the spread of an organism in aerosol form

Answer 2

airborne transmission

Question 3

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis virus and immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 3

bloodborne pathogens

Question 4

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. It is a part of the US Department of Health and Human Services

Answer 4

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Question 5

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

Answer 5

communicable disease

Question 6

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body

Answer 6

contamination

Question 7

the tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection

Answer 7

cover and concealment

Question 8

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equillibrium

Answer 8

critical incident stress management (CISM)

Question 9

prolonged or excessive stress

Answer 9

cumulative stress reactions

Question 10

reaction to stress that occurs after a stressful situation

Answer 10

delayed stress reactions

Question 11

the individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues

Answer 11

designated officer

Question 12

exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact

Answer 12

direct contact

Question 13

a situation in which a person has had contact with blood, bodily fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur

Answer 13

exposure

Question 14

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease

Answer 14

foodborne transmission

Question 15

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion

Answer 15

general adaptation syndrome

Question 16

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function

Answer 16

hepatitis

Question 17

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by this, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers

Answer 17

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Question 18

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent

Answer 18

host

Question 19

the body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease

Answer 19

immune

Question 20

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object

Answer 20

indirect contact

Question 21

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease

Answer 21

infection

Question 22

procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel

Answer 22

infection control

Question 23

a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body

Answer 23

infectious disease

Question 24

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace

Answer 24

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Question 25

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

Answer 25

pathogen

Question 26

Protective equipment that OSHA requires to be made available to the EMT. In the case of infection risk, PPE blocks entry of an organism into the body

Answer 26

personal protective equipment (PPE)

Question 27

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. This delayed reaction is often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident.

Answer 27

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question 28

the way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors.

Answer 28

transmission

Question 29

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for use in dealing with objects, blood, bodily fluids, or other potential exposure risks of communicable disease

Answer 29

standard precautions

Question 30

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another

Answer 30

vector-borne transmission