Chapter 22 - Thyroid & Parathyroid glands

Question 1

The thyroid is an endocrine gland that regulates metabolic function through the production of all of the following hormones except: 
A) thyroxine 
B) triiodothyronine 
C) thyrocacitonin 
D) thryoliberin

Answer 1

D)

Question 2

The thyroid gland consist of \_\_\_\_\_ lobes: 
A) three
B) four
C) two 
D) six

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The approximate dimensions of the thyroid gland are:
A) 5 cm in length, 2 cm width, 2 cm depth
B) 4 cm in length, 5 cm width, 2 cm depth
C) 3 cm in length, 5 cm width, 2 cm depth
D) 6 cm in length, 3 cm width, 3 cm depth

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by:
A) ismal tissue
B) the isthmus 
C) island tissue 
D) parathyroid tissue

Answer 4

B

Question 5

All of the following structures form neighboring structures for the thyroid gland except the: 
A) longus colli muscle
B) parotid muscle
C) strap muscles 
D) sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 5

B

Question 6

Sonographically, the normal thyroid gland may be described as having all of the following characteristics except:
A) diffusely homogeneous
B) slightly more echogenic than surrounding muscle
C) fine homogeneous echo texture
D) having a thin, hyperechoic line representing the thyroid capsule

Answer 6

A

Question 7

The pyramid lobe of the thyroid gland extends from the \_\_\_\_\_.
A) superior right lobe 
B) inferior left lobe 
C) superior isthmus 
D) inferior right lobe

Answer 7

C

Question 8

Which one of the following structures lies medial to the left thyroid lobe?
A) larynx
B) jugular vein 
C) strap muscles 
D) longus colli muscle

Answer 8

A

Question 9

Approximately 20% of solitary thyroid nodules are \_\_\_\_\_. 
A) cystic 
B) adenomas 
C) goiters 
D) malignant

Answer 9

A

Question 10

The most common cause of thyroid disorders worldwide is which one of the following?
A) hypothyroidism
B) iron defiency 
C) iodine deficiency 
D) autoimmune process

Answer 10

C

Question 11

Common disorders associated with hyperthyroidism include all of the following except:
A) toxic adenoma 
B) toxic multinodular 
C) Grave's disease 
D) acute thyroiditis

Answer 11

D

Question 12

Which one of the following sonographic features of a thyroid adenoma is the most common?
A) complex echo pattern 
B) hyperechoic mass 
C) hypoechoic peripheral halo 
D) irregular margins

Answer 12

C

Question 13

The parathyroid glands produce a hormone that affects the:
A) liver, colon, and kidneys
B) kidneys, bones, and gastrointestinal tract
C) gastrointestinal tract, breast, and scrotum
D) kidneys, heart, and colon

Answer 13

B

Question 14

The normal parathyroid glands measure less than \_\_\_\_\_ millimeters (mm). 
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6

Answer 14

B

Question 15

The parathyroid glands lie between the \_\_\_\_\_ borders of the \_\_\_\_\_ lobes of the thyroid gland. 
A) posterior; lateral 
B) anterior; lateral 
C) anterior; medial 
D) posterior; medial

Answer 15

D

Question 16

Usually \_\_\_\_\_ parathyroid glands exist.
A) two 
B) three
C) four 
D) five

Answer 16

C

Question 17

A solitary thyroid nodule in the presence of ipsilateral lymphadenopathy suggests which one of the following?
A) adenoma 
B) Grave's disease 
C) malignancy 
D) hashimoto's thyroiditis

Answer 17

C

Question 18

The most common cause of primary hyperthyroidism is which one of the following?
A) thyroid adenoma 
B) parathyroid adenoma 
C) parathyroid cyst 
D) parathyroid hemorrhagic cyst

Answer 18

B

Question 19

A \_\_\_\_\_\_ is a palpable midline mass between the thyroid bone and the isthmus of the thyroid gland. 
A) carotid aneurysm 
B) parathyroid adenoma 
C) thyroglossal duct cyst
D) brachial cleft cyst

Answer 19

C

Question 20

Which one of the following structures lies posterolateral to the thyroid gland?
A) esophagus 
B) sternocleidomastoid muesle
C) longus colli muscle
D) omohyoid muscle

Answer 20

C

Question 21

Hyperfunction of all parathyroid glands with no apparent cause occurs with which one of the following?
A) primary hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands
B) secondary hyperplasia of the thyroid glands
C) primary hyperparathyroidism
D) secondary hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands

Answer 21

A

Question 22

Increased vascularity with color Doppler, termed the thyroid inferno, is observed in \_\_\_\_\_. 
A) hashimoto's disease 
B) Graves' disease
C) de Quervain thyroiditis 
D) papillary carcinoma

Answer 22

B

Question 23

The most common cause of thyroid malignancy is \_\_\_\_\_ carcinoma. 
A) papillary 
B) medullary 
C) anaplastic 
D) follicular

Answer 23

A

Question 24

An abnormal lymph node demonstrates which one of the following?
A) homogeneous texture
B) central echogenic complex
C) oval contour 
D) round contour

Answer 24

D

Question 25

A cystic formation lateral to the thyroid gland is typically which one of the following?
A) thyroglossal cyst 
B) brachial cleft cyst 
C) cystic hygroma 
D) sublingual cyst

Answer 25

B