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Small Parts > Chapter 21 - Breast > Flashcards

Chapter 21 - Breast Flashcards

1
Q 
The breast is sonographically divided into three layers. Which one of the following is incorrect? 
A) skin, nipple, subareolar 
B) pectoralis major
C) subcutaneous region 
D) parenchyma
A

B

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2
Q 
The functional portion of the breast consists of \_\_\_\_\_ lobes.
A) 3 to 5
B) 5 to 10 
C) 15 to 20
D) 25 to 30
A

C

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3
Q 
Which one of the following form(s) a fibrous "skeleton" that is responsible for maintaining the shape of the breast? 
A) acini 
B) Cooper's ligaments
C) pectoralis major muscle 
D) glandular layer of the breast
A

B

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4
Q 
As a woman ages, the glandular breast tissue is replaced with:
A) fat 
B) cysts
C) fibrous tissue 
D) Cooper's ligaments
A

A

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5
Q

Coopers ligament are best characterized as which of the following?
A) low reflectivity in the retromammary layer
B) high reflective in the retromammary layer
C) echogenic line interface in subcutaneous layer
D) homogenous reflections in the parenchyma

A

C

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6
Q 
The retromammary layer is sonographically imaged as which one of the following?
A) hyperechoic 
B) dense 
C) hypoechoic
D) high reflectivity
A

C

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7
Q 
The most important signs to look for in determining a cystic lesion of the breast include all of the following except:
A) well-defined borders
B) good through transmission 
C) anechoic 
D) disruption of architecture
A

D

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8
Q 
Clinical findings of lumpy, painful, tender breasts that vary with monthly cycles represent which one of the following?
A) carcinoma 
B) fibrocystic disease
C) cysts 
D) adenomas
A

B

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9
Q

The characteristic findings of a papilloma of the breast include all of the following except:
A) well-circumscribed solid mass with microcalcifications
B) sonolucent cystic lesions with a medium-level encapsulated component
C) single or multiple
D) no disruption of architecture

A

D

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10
Q 
The most common solid benign tumor of the breast is which one of the following?
A) fibrocystic disease
B) fibroadenoma
C) papilloma 
D) lipoma
A

B

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11
Q 
The most sonographic characteristic of a fibroadenoma is which one of the following?
A) poorly defined border 
B) uniform, low-level homogeneous echoes
C) increased through transmission 
D) disruption of architecture
A

B

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12
Q 
Lymphatic drainage from all parts of the breast generally flows to the \_\_\_\_\_\_ lymph nodes.
A) interpectoral 
B) axillary 
C) supraclavicular
D) internal mammary
A

B

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13
Q 
The most common malignant neoplasms of the breast is which one of the following?
A) lobular carcinoma in situ 
B) invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)
C) invasive lobular carcinoma 
D) ducts carcinoma in situ
A

B

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14
Q

Characteristic findings of breast carcinoma include all of the following except:
A) attenuation of sound
B) irregular margins
C) strong posterior margin
D) inhomogeneous low-level echo pattern with calcifications

A

C

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15
Q

Skin dimpling may be caused by which one of the following?
A) old age
B) refraction of tissue secondary to tumor infiltration
C) enlarged ducts
D) thrombosis of arterial vessels

A

B

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16
Q 
The most common clinical sign of breast carcinoma is which one the following?
A) skin dimpling 
B) skin discoloration 
C) palpable lump
D) pain
A

C

17
Q

The primary purpose of breast screening examinations is to:
A) evaluate the retromammary region
B) provide a baseline study for fibrocystic disease
C) provide for early detection of breast carcinoma
D) evaluate dense breast parenchyma

A

C

18
Q 
The midportion of the right medial and left lateral breast would be annotated as which one the following?
A) 3:00 
B) 6:00
C) 9:00
D) 12:00
A

A

19
Q 
A normal extension of breast tissue into the axillary region is called \_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) lobar neoplasm 
B) tail of Spence
C) peau d'orange 
D) terminal duct am lobular unit
A

B

20
Q 
According to the American Cancer Society, all women should begin annual screening mammography and screening breast ultrasound at the age of \_\_\_\_\_\_ years.
A) 20 
B) 30 
C) 40 
D) 50
A

C

21
Q 
Which one of the following arteries is responsible for supply blood to more than one half of the breast?
A) intercostal 
B) thoracodorsal 
C) internal mammary 
D) lateral thoracic
A

C

22
Q 
A condition of the male breast in which the ducts elements hypertrophy is called \_\_\_\_\_.
A) mastitis 
B) galactocele
C) gynecomastia
D) Paget's disease
A

C

23
Q

Signs of possible breast cancer include all of the following except:
A) irregular or speculate mammographic mass, solid on ultrasound
B) clustered pleomorphic microcalcifications on mammogram, with or without any abnormality on ultrasound
C) focal distortion on mammogram, and a correlating area of distortion breast ultrasound
D) a smooth low-density mass, solid lesion that has not changed in over 3 years on ultrasound

A

D

24
Q

Ultrasound is often of benefit in guiding breast procedures for all of the following except:
A) cyst aspiration
B) fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)
C) drainage procedure
D) large-core needle biopsy of microcalcifications

A

D

25
Q

Which one of the following statements is false?
A) breast ultrasound is the imaging tool of choice to evaluate a breast mass in a teenage girl
B) ultrasound of the breast is the primary imaging tool of choice in evaluating a breast mass in a pregnant woman
C) breast ultrasound is the primary imaging tool of choice in screening a 45-year-old woman for any evidence of possible breast cancer
D) in the case of a benign fibroadenoma, the sonographic features of a smooth, sharply circumscribed hypoechoic mass with homogeneous echogenicity and a mild posterior acoustic enhancement will usually be seen

A

C

26
Q

ultrasound of the breast is often performed as an adjunctive imaging tool in all of the following situations except:
A) to assess a smooth mammographic mass as cystic or solid
B) to further evaluate a palpable breast lump in a patient with very dense breast tissue and a negative mammogram
C) to further evaluate a palpable breast lump in a patient with breast implants
D) to further evaluate an asymptomatic patient with large fatty replaced breasts and a negative mammogram

A

D

27
Q 
In the case of a cancerous mammographic mass, the correlating sonographic mass will likely show which one of the following features?
A) irregular margin and taller than wide
B) anechoic
C) irregular margin and wider than tall 
D) posterior acoustic enhancement
A

A

28
Q

In the case of a smooth mammographic that is cystic, the correlating sonographic mass will likely show which one of the following features?
A) irregular margin
B) anechoic and posterior acoustic enhancement
C) taller than wide
D) echogenic and posterior acoustic enhancement

A

B

29
Q

The advantages of breast ultrasound over mammography in evaluating the breast include all of the following except:
A) limited radiation exposure to the patient
B) differentiation of cystic versus solid smooth masses
C) more comfortable examination for the patient
D) better visualization of juxtathoracic

A

A

30
Q

The advantages of breast ultrasound over mammography in evaluating the breast include which one of the following?
A) can better visualize those often-obscure signs of breast cancer such as microcalcifications
B) can better visualize microcystic adenosis with layering milk of calcium and sclerosing adenoids, as well as variants of benign fibrocystic conditions that contain small calcification as the principle mammographic finding that can be easily overlooked on routine mammographic images
C) can better discriminate Cooper’s ligaments within lumen of the small ducts of the terminal ductal lobular units (TDLUs)
D) can better evaluate those hard-to-reach places, such as parasternal tissues and axilla, not well seen on mammography

A

D

Small Parts (7 decks)

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