Chapter 22-The Ordeal Of Reconstruction 1865-1877

Question 1

Introduced by President Lincoln, it proposed that a state be read minted to the Union once 10 percent of its voters had pledged loyalty to the United States and promised to honor emancipation

Answer 1

10% Reconstruction Plan(470)

Question 2

Passed by congressional Republicans in response to Abraham Lincoln’s 10% Reconstruction Plan. It required that 50% of state’s voters ledge allegiance to the Union and set stronger safeguards for emancipation. Reflected division between Congress and the president, and between radical and moderate Republicans, over the treatment of the defeated South.

Answer 2

Wade-Davis Bill(470)

Question 3

Laws passed throughout the South to restrict the rights of emancipated blacks, particularly with respect to negotiating labor contracts. Increased Northerners’ criticisms of President Andrew Johnson’s lenient Reconstruction policies

Answer 3

Black Codes(471)

Question 4

Helped fund the construction of the Union Pacific transcontinental railroad with the use of land grants and government bonds.

Answer 4

Pacific Railroad Act(473)

Question 5

Passed over Andrew Johnson’s veto, the bill aimed to counteract the BlackCodes by conferring citizenship on African Americans and making it a crime to deprive blacks of their rights to sue, testify in court, or hold property

Answer 5

Civil Rights Bill(473)

Question 6

Constitutional amendment that extended civil rights to freedmen and prohibited states from taking away such rights without due process.

Answer 6

14th Amendment(473)

Question 7

Passed by the newly elected Republican Congress, it divided the South into five military districts, disenfranchised former Confederates, and required that Southern states both ratify the 14th amendment and write state constitution guaranteeing freemen the franchise before gaining readmission to the union

Answer 7

Reconstruction Act(475)

Question 8

Prohibited states from denying citizens the franchise on account of race. It disappointed feminists, who wanted the madmen the to include guarantees for women’s suffrage

Answer 8

15 Amendment(476)

Question 9

Civil War era case in which the Supreme Court ruled that military tribunals could not be used to try civilians if civil courts were open.

Answer 9

Ex party Milligan(476)

Question 10

Southern democratic politicians who sought to wrest control from republican regimes in the south after reconstruction

Answer 10

Redeemers(476)

Question 11

Women’s organization formed to help bring about an end to the civil war and encourage congress to pass an= constitutional amendment prohibiting slavery

Answer 11

Woman’s Loyal League(477)

Question 12

Reconstruction era African American organization that worked to educate southern blacks about civic life built black schools and churches and represented African American interests before government and employers. It also campaigned on half of republican candidates and recruited local militias to protect blacks from white intimidation.

Answer 12

Union League(478)

Question 13

Derogatory term for pro union southerners whom southern democrats accused of plundering the resources of the south in collusion with republican governments after the civil war.

Answer 13

Scalawags(479)

Question 14

Pejorative used by southern whites to describe northern businessmen and politicians who came to the south after the Civl war to work on reconstruction projects or invest in southern infrastructure.

Answer 14

Carpetbaggers(479)

Question 15

An extremist, paramilitary, right-wing, secret society founded in the mid19th century and revived during the 1920s. It was anti foreign, anti-black, anti-Jewish, antipasti first, anti-communist- anti-internationalist, anti-evolutionist, and anti bootlegger, but pro Anglo-Saxon and pro-Protestant. Its members, cloaked in sheets to conceal their identities, terrorized freedmen and sympathetic whites throughout the south after the civil war. By the 1890s klan-style violence and democratic legislation succeeded in virtually disenfranchising all southern blacks

Answer 15

Ku Klux Klan(479)

Question 16

Passed by congress following a wave of Ku Klux Klan violence, the acts banned clan membership, prohibited the use of intimidation to prevent blacks from voting, and gave the U.S. Military the authority to enforce the acts.

Answer 16

Force Acts(480)

Question 17

Required the president to seek approval from the senate before removing appointees. When Andrew Johnson removed his secretary of war in violation of the act, be was impeached by the house but remained in office when the senate fell one vote short of removing him

Answer 17

Tenure of Office Acts (481)

Question 18

Popular term for the Secretary of State William Seward’s purchase of Alaska from Russia the derisive term reflected the anti-expansionists sentiments of most Americans immediately after the Civil War

Answer 18

Seward’s folly (482)

Question 19

Union general known as the “Christian general” because he tried to base his policy decisions on his deep religious piety. He was given charge of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865, with the mission of integrating the freed slaves into Southern society and politics during the second phase of the Reconstruction Era.

Answer 19

Oliver O.Howard

Question 20

A political leader of the nineteenth century. He was elected vice president in 1864 and became president when Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in 1865. Heis one of two presidents to have been impeached; the House of Representatives charged him with illegally dismissing a government official. The Senate tried him, and he was acquitted by only one vote.

Answer 20

Andrew Johnson

Question 21

A Republican leader and one of the most powerful members of the United States House of Representatives. He was chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee,and a witty, sarcastic speaker and flamboyant party leader who dominated the House from 1861 until his death and wrote much of the financial legislation that paid for the American Civil War.

Answer 21

Thaddeus Stevens

Question 22

U.S. clergyman, educator, and politician: first black senator.

Answer 22

Hiram Revels

Question 23

An American lawyer and politician who served as Secretary of War under the Lincoln Administration during the American Civil War from 1862-1865. His effective management helped organize the massive military resources of the North and guide the Union to victory.

Answer 23

Edwin M. Stanton

Question 24

A founder of the Republican Party and senator from Ohio from 1851 to 1869. A passionate abolitionist, he pressured President Lincoln throughout the Civil War to pursue harsher policies toward the South. He co-sponsored the Wade-Davis Bill in 1864, which required 50 percent of the registered voters of a southern state to take a loyalty oath as a precondition for restoration to the Union, rather than the 10 percent proposed by Lincoln. As President Pro Tempore of the Senate in 1868, he was next in line for the presidency should Andrew Johnson be impeached, and the prospect that someone of such radical views might become president may have contributed to the failure of the effort to impeach Johnson.

Answer 24

Benjamin Wade

Question 25

U.S. senator and secretary of state under Abraham Lincoln. An avid opponent of slavery, he was a leading candidate for the Republican nomination in both 1856 and 1860. Later, as one of Lincoln’s closest advisers, he helped handle the difficult tasks of keeping European nations out of the Civil War. He is best known, however, for negotiating the purchase of Alaska, dubbed “Seward’s Folly” by expansion-weary opponents of the deal.

Answer 25

William Seward

Question 26

Created to aid newly emancipated slaves by providing food, clothing, medicine care, education, and legal support. It’s achievements were uneven and depended largely on the quality of local administrators.

Answer 26

Freedmen’s Bureau(469)