Chapter 21-The Furnace Of The Civil War 1861-1865

Question 1

Commands the Army of the Potomac
34 year old drill master & organizer of troops, morale booster & perfectionist—West Point graduate, “Big Mac”
“Young Napoleon” had seen fighting the Crimean War & Mexican War
Constantly believes he is outnumbered, never took risks, held the army for several months without moving until Lincoln orders an assault

Answer 1

George B. McClellan

Question 2

confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the union should be held together by force. crushed arrogant General John J. Pope, replaced McClellan. Lost at Fredericksburg. divided his forces & sent Jackson to attack the Union flank. The strategy worked. Hooker was dazed by a near hit from a cannonball.

Answer 2

Robert E. Lee

Question 3

Union general best known for his defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run in the East.

Answer 3

John Pope

Question 4

Union general known for the way he trimmed his facial hair in the battle of fredericksburg

Answer 4

A. E. Burnside

Question 5

United States general in the Union Army who was defeated at Chancellorsville by Robert E. Lee

Answer 5

Joseph (“Fighting Joe”) Hooker

Question 6

Union general who replaced Hooker three days before the Battle of Gettysburg, where he finally broke the Confederate attack.

Answer 6

George G. Meade

Question 7

Confederate general who led Pickett’s charge at Gettysburg

Answer 7

George Pickett

Question 8

Eventual leader of the Union army, accepts Lee’s surrender

Answer 8

Ulysses S. Grant

Question 9

General who succeeded on the campaigns that led to victories in Vicksburg and Atlanta, and completed the March to the Sea, was able to capture Johnston and his army

Answer 9

William Tecumseh Sherman

Question 10

an American politician and jurist in the Civil War era who served as U.S. Senator from Ohio and Governor of Ohio; as U.S. Treasury Secretary under President Abraham Lincoln; and as Chief Justice of the United States.

Answer 10

Salmon Chase

Question 11

Prominent Copperhead who was an ex-congressman from Ohio, demanded an end to the war, and was banished to the Confederacy

Answer 11

Clement L. Vallandigham

Question 12

Assassinator of president Lincoln

Answer 12

John Wilkes Booth

Question 13

confederate commander who helped the south win bull run. nicknamed the “stonewall” and soldiers under his command were called “foot calvary”. Lee’s chief lieutenant. attack the Union flank. He was killed in “enemy fire

Answer 13

Thomas J. (“Stonewall”) Jackson

Question 14

First major battle of the civil war and a victory for the south it dispelled northern illusions of a swift victory

Answer 14

Battle of Bull Run (438)

Question 15

Union General Georg B. McClellan’s failed effort to seize Richmond, tee Confederate capital. Had McClellan take Richmond and toppled the Confederacy, slavery would have most likely survived in the South for some time.

Answer 15

Peninsula Campaign(440)

Question 16

Confederate and Union ironclads. Respectively, whose success against wooden ships signaled an end to wooden warships. They fought an history though inconsequential battle in 1862

Answer 16

Merrimack and Monitor(443)

Question 17

Civil War battle that ended in a decisive victory for the Confederate General Robert E Lee, who was emboldened to push further into the North.

Answer 17

Second Battle of Bull Run (443)

Question 18

Landmark battle in the Civil War that essential ended in a draw but demonstrated the prowess of the Union army, forestalling foreign intervention and giving Lincoln the “victory” he needed to issue the Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 18

Battle of Antietam(443)

Question 19

Declared all slaves in rebelling states to be free but did not affect slavery in non rebelling border states. The proclamation closed the door on possible compromise with the South and encourage thousands of southern slaves to flee to union lines.

Answer 19

Emancipation Proclamation(443)

Question 20

Constitutional amendment prohibited all forms of slavery hand involuntary servitude. Former Confederate states were required to ratify the amendment prior to gaining ren try into the Union

Answer 20

13th Amendment (445)

Question 21

Decisive victory in Virginia for Confederate Robert Lee soho successfully repelled a union attack on his lines.

Answer 21

Battle of Fredericksburg(448)

Question 22

Civil War4 battle in Pennsylvania that ended in a Union victory, spelling doom for the Confederacy which never again managed to invade the North. Site of general George’s Pickett’s daring but doomed charge on the Northern lines

Answer 22

Battle of Gettysburg(448)

Question 23

Abraham Lincoln’s often quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield. In the address, Lincoln framed the war as a means to uphold the values of Liberty

Answer 23

Gettysburg Address(449)

Question 24

Key victory for union General Ulysses S. Grant it secured the Norths hold on Kentucky and paves the way for grants attacks deeper into Tennessee

Answer 24

Battle of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson(451)

Question 25

Bloody Civil War battle on the Tennessee Mississippi border that left more than 23 thousand soldiers dead, wounded, or missing, and ended in a marginal Union Victory

Answer 25

Battle of Shiloh(451)

Question 26

Two and a half month siege of a confederate fort on the Mississippi River in Tennessee Vicksburg finally fell to grant in July of 1863 giving the union army control of the Mississippi River and splitting the south in two.

Answer 26

Siege of Vicksburg(451)

Question 27

Union general William Tecumseh Sherman’s destructive march through Georgia. An early instance of total war, purposely targeting infrastructure and civilian property to diminish morale and undercut the confederate war effort.

Answer 27

Sherman’s March(452)

Question 28

Established by congress during the civil war to oversee military affairs. Largely under the control of radical republicans, the committee agitates for a more vigorous war effort and actively pressed Lincoln on the issue of emancipation

Answer 28

Congressional Committee on the Conduct of the War(453)

Question 29

Northern democrats who obstruct war effort by attacking Abe Lincoln the draft and after 1863 emancipation

Answer 29

Copperheads (453)

Question 30

Edward Everett Hales’ fictional account of a treasonous soldiers journeys in exile. The book was widely read in the North inspiring a greater devotion the the Union

Answer 30

The Man Without a Country (453)

Question 31

A coalition party of prewar democrats and republicans formed during he 1864 election to defeat anti war northern democrats

Answer 31

Union party(453)

Question 32

A series of brutal clashes between grant and lees armies in Virginia leading up to grants capture of Richmond in April of 1865. Having lost Richmond Lee surrendered to grant at Appomattox courthouse

Answer 32

Wilderness Campaign(457)

Question 33

Site where Lee surrendered to Grant in April o1865 after almost a year of brutal fighting throughout Virginia in the Wilderness Campaign

Answer 33

Appomattox Courthouse(457)

Question 34

Granted suffrage to all male British citizens, dramatically expanding the electorate. The success of the American democratic experiment, reinforce by the Union victory in the Civil War, was used as one of the arguments in favor of the bill

Answer 34

Reform Bill of 1867(462)